Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Alafenamide
Find more information about this combination medication at the webpages for emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide
Chronic Hepatitis B, HIV Infections ... show more
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Advisory
- This medicine contains a combination of 2 drugs: emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide.
- Based on evidence, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide are more effective when taken together.
Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
None
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Summary
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide are used to treat HIV infection, which is a virus that attacks the immune system. They help reduce the amount of virus in the blood, known as the viral load, and increase CD4 cell counts, which are important for maintaining a healthy immune system. By controlling the virus, these medicines help prevent the progression of HIV to AIDS, which is the advanced stage of the infection.
Emtricitabine, which is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, blocks the virus from multiplying. Tenofovir alafenamide, which is a prodrug of tenofovir, is converted into its active form inside the cells to stop the virus from replicating. Together, they reduce the viral load and help maintain the health of the immune system by increasing CD4 cell counts.
The usual adult daily dose for the combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide is one tablet taken once a day. Each tablet typically contains 200 mg of emtricitabine and 25 mg of tenofovir alafenamide. This combination is designed to be taken together to effectively manage HIV infection. It's important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions and not to adjust the dose without consulting them.
Common side effects of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Emtricitabine may cause skin discoloration, which is a unique side effect. Tenofovir alafenamide is associated with less kidney and bone toxicity compared to its predecessor, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Significant adverse effects can include lactic acidosis, which is a buildup of lactic acid in the blood, and severe liver problems, although they are rare.
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide can interact with other drugs that affect kidney function, as both are processed by the kidneys. They should not be used with other antiviral drugs containing tenofovir to avoid overdose. Monitoring involves regular kidney function tests and reviewing all medications with a healthcare provider to avoid harmful interactions. It's important to inform the doctor of all medicines being taken, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.
Indications and Purpose
How does combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide work?
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide work by blocking the HIV virus from multiplying in the body. Emtricitabine, which is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, stops the virus from making copies of its genetic material. Tenofovir alafenamide, which is a prodrug of tenofovir, is converted into its active form inside the cells, where it also inhibits the virus's ability to replicate. Together, they reduce the amount of virus in the blood, known as the viral load, and help maintain the health of the immune system by increasing CD4 cell counts.
How does combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide work?
The combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide is used to treat HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. These medications are antiretrovirals, which means they work by preventing the virus from multiplying in the body. Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide are both types of drugs called nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). They block an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, which the HIV virus needs to make copies of itself. By stopping this enzyme, the drugs help to reduce the amount of virus in the body, which helps the immune system to function better and lowers the risk of developing HIV-related illnesses. This combination is often used as part of a complete treatment plan for HIV, which may include other medications. It's important to take these medications exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider to effectively manage the condition.
How does combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine work?
Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine work by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is essential for the replication of HIV. As nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), they prevent the virus from multiplying and spreading within the body. Emtricitabine is a synthetic nucleoside analog of cytidine, while Tenofovir alafenamide is a prodrug of tenofovir, which is converted into its active form inside the body. Together, they help reduce the viral load, maintain immune function, and decrease the risk of developing AIDS and related complications.
How effective is combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide?
Clinical studies have shown that emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide are effective in reducing the viral load in people with HIV. Emtricitabine, which is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, has been proven to block the virus from multiplying. Tenofovir alafenamide, which is a prodrug of tenofovir, has shown effectiveness in delivering tenofovir to the cells where it is needed, with fewer side effects compared to its predecessor, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Together, they work synergistically to lower the amount of virus in the blood and improve immune function, as evidenced by increased CD4 cell counts.
How effective is combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide?
The combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide is highly effective in treating and preventing HIV infection. According to the NHS, this combination works by reducing the amount of HIV in the body, which helps the immune system to function better and reduces the risk of developing HIV-related illnesses. It is often used as part of a complete treatment regimen for HIV. The National Library of Medicine (NLM) explains that Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide are antiretroviral medications. They work by blocking an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, which the HIV virus needs to multiply. By inhibiting this enzyme, the drugs help to control the infection. DailyMeds notes that this combination is also used for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), which is a preventive treatment for people at high risk of HIV infection. When taken consistently, it significantly reduces the risk of contracting HIV. Overall, the combination is considered effective and is widely used in both treatment and prevention of HIV.
How effective is combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine?
The effectiveness of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine is supported by clinical trials demonstrating their ability to reduce HIV-1 RNA levels in the blood, achieving viral suppression in a significant percentage of patients. In treatment-naïve adults and those switching from other regimens, high rates of viral suppression were observed at 48 weeks. For PrEP, studies have shown that the combination significantly reduces the risk of acquiring HIV-1 in high-risk populations. Both drugs work by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, crucial for HIV replication, and are well-tolerated with a favorable safety profile. Their combined use in antiretroviral therapy enhances treatment efficacy and helps prevent the progression to AIDS.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide?
The usual adult daily dose for the combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide is one tablet taken once a day. Each tablet typically contains 200 mg of emtricitabine and 25 mg of tenofovir alafenamide. This combination is designed to be taken together to effectively manage HIV infection. It's important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions and not to adjust the dose without consulting them. Both medicines work together to reduce the viral load and improve immune function.
What is the usual dose of combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide?
The usual adult daily dose for Emtricitabine, which is a medicine used to treat HIV, is 200 milligrams. For Tenofovir Alafenamide, which is also used to treat HIV, the usual adult daily dose is 25 milligrams. Both medicines are antiretrovirals, which means they help control HIV infection by preventing the virus from multiplying in the body. Emtricitabine is known for its ability to be well-tolerated with few side effects, while Tenofovir Alafenamide is recognized for its lower risk of kidney and bone side effects compared to its predecessor, Tenofovir Disoproxil. Both medicines are often combined in a single pill to simplify treatment and improve adherence, which means sticking to the treatment plan. They share the common goal of reducing the amount of HIV in the body, which helps the immune system work better.
What is the usual dose of combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine?
The usual adult daily dose for the combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine is one tablet containing 200 mg of Emtricitabine and 25 mg of Tenofovir alafenamide. This combination is taken orally once a day, with or without food. Both medications are part of the nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) class, working together to inhibit the replication of HIV. The dosing is designed to maintain consistent drug levels in the body to effectively manage HIV infection and prevent the virus from multiplying.
How does one take combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide?
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide can be taken with or without food, making it convenient for daily use. There are no specific food restrictions associated with this combination, but it's important to take the medicine at the same time each day to maintain consistent levels in the body. Always follow the healthcare provider's instructions and inform them of any other medications or supplements being taken to avoid potential interactions.
How does one take combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide?
The combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide is typically taken as a single tablet once a day. It is important to take the tablet at the same time each day to maintain consistent levels of the medication in your body. This combination is used to treat HIV infection and should be taken exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. You can take it with or without food, but it is important to follow any specific instructions given by your doctor or pharmacist. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at the same time to make up for a missed dose. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.
How does one take combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine?
Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine can be taken with or without food, making it convenient for patients to incorporate into their daily routine. It is important to take the medication at the same time each day to maintain consistent drug levels in the body. There are no specific food restrictions associated with these medications, but patients should follow any additional dietary advice provided by their healthcare provider. Consistent adherence to the prescribed dosing schedule is crucial for the effectiveness of the treatment in managing HIV-1 infection or preventing it in high-risk individuals.
For how long is combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide taken?
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide are typically used as a long-term treatment for HIV infection. The duration of use depends on the individual's response to the medicine and the healthcare provider's recommendations. Both medicines are intended for continuous use to effectively manage HIV, reduce the viral load, and maintain immune function. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to assess the effectiveness and adjust the treatment as needed.
For how long is combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide taken?
The combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide is typically taken as a long-term treatment. It is used for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection. The duration of treatment can vary depending on individual circumstances, such as the patient's health status and response to the medication. It is important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions and not to stop taking the medication without consulting them, as this could affect the effectiveness of the treatment.
For how long is combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine taken?
The typical duration of use for Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine is long-term, as they are part of a continuous treatment regimen for managing HIV-1 infection. Patients are advised to take these medications daily as prescribed by their healthcare provider, without interruption, to maintain viral suppression and prevent the progression of the disease. For pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the duration depends on the individual's risk of exposure to HIV, and it should be taken as long as the risk persists. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to assess the effectiveness and safety of the treatment.
How long does it take for combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide to work?
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide, when combined, start working quickly to help control HIV infection. Emtricitabine, which is a type of medicine called a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, begins to work by blocking the virus from multiplying. Tenofovir alafenamide, which is a prodrug of tenofovir, also works by stopping the virus from making copies of itself. Together, they help reduce the amount of virus in the body, which is known as the viral load. This combination can start to show effects within a few days, but it may take several weeks to see the full benefit.
How long does it take for combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide to work?
The combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide is used to treat HIV infection. According to the NHS, it can take several weeks for the medication to reach its full effect in the body. However, it starts working to reduce the amount of HIV in the blood soon after you begin taking it. It's important to continue taking the medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider to maintain its effectiveness.
How long does it take for combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine to work?
Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine work by slowing the spread of HIV in the body. The onset of action for these medications is not immediate, as they are part of a long-term treatment plan for managing HIV. Typically, the effectiveness of these medications is assessed over weeks to months, as they help reduce the viral load in the body. Both medications are nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which means they work by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, crucial for viral replication. The combination is used in conjunction with other antiretroviral agents to enhance efficacy.
Warnings and Precautions
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide?
Common side effects of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Emtricitabine may cause skin discoloration, which is a unique side effect. Tenofovir alafenamide is associated with less kidney and bone toxicity compared to its predecessor, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Significant adverse effects can include lactic acidosis, which is a buildup of lactic acid in the blood, and severe liver problems. Both medicines can cause these serious side effects, although they are rare. Monitoring by healthcare providers is important to manage any potential adverse effects.
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide?
Yes, there are potential harms and risks associated with taking the combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide. According to the NHS and NLM, common side effects can include nausea, diarrhea, headache, and fatigue. More serious risks involve kidney problems and bone density loss, which can lead to weaker bones. It's important to have regular check-ups with a healthcare provider to monitor for these issues. Additionally, this medication can interact with other drugs, so it's crucial to inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking.
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine?
Common side effects of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine include nausea, diarrhea, headache, and fatigue. Some patients may experience unusual dreams or difficulty sleeping. Significant adverse effects can include lactic acidosis, severe liver problems, and new or worsening kidney issues. Patients should be monitored for signs of these serious conditions, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or decreased urination. It's important to report any severe or persistent side effects to a healthcare provider. Both medications are generally well-tolerated, but regular monitoring is essential to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Can I take combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide with other prescription drugs?
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide can interact with other prescription drugs that affect kidney function, such as NSAIDs, which can increase the risk of kidney damage. They should not be used with other antiviral drugs containing tenofovir to prevent overdose. Certain drugs that induce or inhibit liver enzymes, like rifampin, can affect the levels of tenofovir alafenamide in the body. It's crucial to inform the healthcare provider of all prescription medications being taken to avoid harmful interactions. Regular monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Can I take combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide with other prescription drugs?
When taking Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide, it's important to be cautious about drug interactions. These medications are used to treat HIV and can interact with other drugs, potentially affecting how they work or increasing side effects. 1. **Consult Your Doctor:** Always talk to your healthcare provider before starting any new medication, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. 2. **Common Interactions:** Some drugs that may interact include certain antibiotics, antifungals, and other antiviral medications. Your doctor will help manage these interactions. 3. **Monitoring:** Your healthcare provider may need to monitor your health more closely or adjust your medication doses if you are taking other drugs. For more detailed information, you can refer to trusted sources like the [NHS](https://www.nhs.uk/), [DailyMeds](https://dailymeds.co.uk/), or [NLM](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/).
Can I take combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine with other prescription drugs?
Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine can interact with several prescription drugs, particularly those affecting kidney function or those that are also metabolized by the liver. Notable interactions include certain anticonvulsants like carbamazepine and phenytoin, which can decrease the effectiveness of Tenofovir alafenamide. Additionally, drugs like rifampin and St. John's wort can reduce the levels of these medications in the blood, potentially leading to treatment failure. It's crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking to manage potential interactions effectively.
Can I take combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide if I am pregnant?
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide are generally considered safe to use during pregnancy. Studies have shown that they do not significantly increase the risk of birth defects. Emtricitabine has been used in pregnant women with no evidence of harm to the fetus. Tenofovir alafenamide, being a newer formulation, has less data but is expected to be safer than its predecessor, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, due to lower systemic exposure. Both medicines help control HIV in pregnant women, reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of the virus.
Can I take combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide if I am pregnant?
According to the NHS, if you are pregnant, it is important to discuss with your healthcare provider before taking any medication, including Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide. These medications are used to treat HIV and may be prescribed during pregnancy if the benefits outweigh the risks. Your doctor will consider your specific situation to ensure the safety of both you and your baby. Always follow your healthcare provider's advice regarding medication use during pregnancy.
Can I take combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine if I am pregnant?
Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine are generally considered safe for use during pregnancy, with no significant increase in the risk of major birth defects observed in studies. They are often used as part of a comprehensive antiretroviral regimen to manage HIV in pregnant women, helping to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the virus. Pregnant women taking these medications are encouraged to enroll in a pregnancy registry to help gather more data on outcomes. As with any medication, the potential benefits and risks should be discussed with a healthcare provider to ensure the best outcomes for both mother and child.
Can I take combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide while breastfeeding?
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide are generally considered safe during breastfeeding. Emtricitabine passes into breast milk in small amounts, but no harmful effects have been observed in breastfed infants. Tenofovir alafenamide also passes into breast milk, but at lower levels than its predecessor, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, making it a safer option. Both medicines help maintain the mother's health and reduce the risk of HIV transmission to the baby. However, in some regions, breastfeeding is not recommended for HIV-positive mothers to prevent transmission, so local guidelines should be followed.
Can I take combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide while breastfeeding?
According to the NHS, it is generally advised to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any medication while breastfeeding. Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide are antiretroviral medications used to treat HIV. The National Library of Medicine (NLM) states that these drugs can pass into breast milk, but the effects on a nursing infant are not fully known. Therefore, it is important to discuss with your doctor to weigh the benefits and potential risks before using these medications while breastfeeding.
Can I take combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine while breastfeeding?
During lactation, it is generally advised that mothers with HIV do not breastfeed to prevent the risk of transmitting the virus to the infant. Emtricitabine is known to pass into breast milk, but it is unclear if Tenofovir alafenamide does. Due to the potential for HIV transmission and the risk of adverse effects in the infant, breastfeeding is not recommended for mothers taking these medications. If a mother is HIV-negative and using the combination for PrEP, she should discuss breastfeeding with her healthcare provider to weigh the benefits and risks.
Who should avoid taking combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide?
People using emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide should be aware of the risk of lactic acidosis, which is a serious condition involving the buildup of lactic acid in the blood. Liver problems, including severe liver enlargement, can also occur. Both medicines should not be used with other drugs containing tenofovir to avoid overdose. Kidney function should be monitored, as both medicines are processed by the kidneys. It's important to inform the healthcare provider of any existing kidney or liver issues before starting treatment. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to manage these risks.
Who should avoid taking combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide?
People who should avoid taking the combination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir alafenamide include those with severe kidney problems, as these drugs can affect kidney function. Additionally, individuals with known allergies to either of these medications should not take them. It's also important for people with liver problems, especially those with hepatitis B, to consult their doctor before using this combination, as it can affect liver health. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should discuss potential risks with their healthcare provider. Always consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.
Who should avoid taking combination of Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine?
Important warnings for Tenofovir alafenamide and Emtricitabine include the risk of lactic acidosis, severe liver problems, and kidney issues. Patients with a history of hepatitis B should be closely monitored, as stopping the medication can lead to a flare-up of the infection. The combination is contraindicated in individuals with unknown or positive HIV-1 status when used for PrEP, as it is not a complete treatment for HIV. Regular monitoring of liver and kidney function is essential, and patients should report any unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider immediately. Adherence to the prescribed regimen is crucial to prevent resistance and ensure effectiveness.
