Empagliflozin + Metformin
Find more information about this combination medication at the webpages for Empagliflozin and Metformin
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Diseases
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Advisory
- This medicine contains a combination of 2 drugs Empagliflozin and Metformin.
- Empagliflozin and Metformin are both used to treat the same disease or symptom but work in different ways in the body.
- Most doctors will advise making sure that each individual medicine is safe and effective before using a combination form.
Drug Status
Government Approvals
None
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Biguanide and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Empagliflozin + Metformin
Summary
Empagliflozin and Metformin are used to manage type 2 diabetes. Metformin also reduces the risk of complications like heart disease and stroke. Empagliflozin helps lower the risk of cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease, and manages heart failure.
Metformin lowers blood sugar by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin. Empagliflozin works by helping the kidneys remove excess glucose through urine.
Metformin is usually taken orally, twice daily or once daily, with a maximum dose of 2000-2500 mg per day. Empagliflozin is also taken orally, usually at a starting dose of 10 mg once daily, which can be increased to 25 mg daily if needed.
Common side effects of Metformin include stomach discomfort, diarrhea, and nausea. Empagliflozin may cause increased urination, urinary tract infections, and genital yeast infections. Both can cause low blood sugar.
Metformin can cause a rare but serious condition called lactic acidosis, especially in patients with kidney or liver problems. Empagliflozin can cause dehydration and, in rare cases, a serious condition called ketoacidosis. Both should be used with caution in elderly patients and those with a history of alcohol abuse.
Indications and Purpose
How does combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin work?
Empagliflozin and Metformin are medications used together to help control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Empagliflozin works by helping the kidneys remove glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream through urine. This process helps lower blood sugar levels. Metformin, on the other hand, works by decreasing the amount of sugar produced by the liver and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin, which helps the body use sugar more effectively. Together, these medications help manage blood sugar levels more effectively than either drug alone, reducing the risk of complications associated with diabetes.
How does combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin work?
Metformin works by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin, which helps lower blood sugar levels. Empagliflozin, on the other hand, acts by inhibiting the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, leading to increased excretion of glucose in the urine. Together, these medications provide a dual approach to managing blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes, with metformin focusing on reducing glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity, while empagliflozin enhances glucose elimination through the kidneys.
How effective is combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin?
The combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin is effective in managing type 2 diabetes. Empagliflozin works by helping the kidneys remove glucose from the bloodstream, while Metformin decreases glucose production in the liver and improves the body's sensitivity to insulin. Together, they help lower blood sugar levels more effectively than either drug alone. According to the NHS and other trusted sources, this combination can lead to better blood sugar control and may also help with weight loss and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes.
How effective is combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin?
The effectiveness of metformin and empagliflozin in managing type 2 diabetes is supported by numerous clinical trials. Metformin has been shown to effectively lower blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications, such as heart disease and stroke. Empagliflozin has demonstrated benefits in reducing blood sugar levels, as well as lowering the risk of cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. Both medications have been proven to improve glycemic control and are often used together to provide a comprehensive approach to diabetes management, enhancing each other's effects.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin?
The usual dose of the combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin can vary based on individual health needs and the specific formulation prescribed by a healthcare provider. Generally, the starting dose might be Empagliflozin 10 mg combined with Metformin 500 mg or 1000 mg, taken once or twice daily with meals to reduce stomach upset. It's important to follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider, as they will tailor the dose to your specific health condition and response to treatment. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting or adjusting any medication.
What is the usual dose of combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin?
The usual adult daily dose for metformin varies depending on the formulation. For immediate-release tablets, the starting dose is typically 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily, with a maximum dose of 2,000-2,500 mg per day. For extended-release tablets, the starting dose is usually 500 mg to 1,000 mg once daily, with a maximum of 2,000 mg per day. Empagliflozin is usually prescribed at a starting dose of 10 mg once daily, which can be increased to 25 mg daily if needed. Both medications are taken orally and can be adjusted based on the patient's response and tolerance. They are often used together to enhance blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes.
How does one take combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin?
The combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin is used to help control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. It is usually taken by mouth in the form of a tablet. - **Dosage**: The specific dosage and frequency depend on your medical condition and response to treatment. It's important to follow your healthcare provider's instructions carefully. - **With Food**: Metformin is often recommended to be taken with meals to reduce stomach upset, so it's likely that this combination should also be taken with food. - **Hydration**: Ensure you stay well-hydrated while taking this medication, as Empagliflozin can increase urination. - **Monitoring**: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is important to ensure the medication is working effectively. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and before making any changes to your medication regimen.
How does one take combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin?
Metformin should be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and diarrhea. Empagliflozin can be taken with or without food, but it is important to maintain adequate hydration to prevent dehydration. Patients are advised to follow dietary recommendations provided by their healthcare provider, which typically include a balanced diet low in sugar and refined carbohydrates. Both medications require regular monitoring of blood sugar levels, and patients should avoid excessive alcohol consumption, which can increase the risk of side effects.
For how long is combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin taken?
The combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin is typically taken as a long-term treatment for managing type 2 diabetes. The duration of treatment depends on individual health needs and how well the medication helps in controlling blood sugar levels. It's important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions and have regular check-ups to assess the effectiveness and adjust the treatment as necessary. Always consult with a healthcare professional before making any changes to the medication regimen.
For how long is combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin taken?
Metformin and empagliflozin are typically used as long-term treatments for managing type 2 diabetes. They are intended to be taken continuously to maintain blood sugar control and reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes. The duration of use is generally indefinite, as long as the medications are effective and well-tolerated by the patient. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to ensure the medications continue to meet the patient's needs.
How long does it take for combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin to work?
The combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin typically starts to work within a few days to lower blood sugar levels. However, it may take a few weeks to see the full effect on blood sugar control. Empagliflozin helps the kidneys remove glucose from the bloodstream, while Metformin decreases glucose production in the liver and improves the body's sensitivity to insulin. It's important to follow your healthcare provider's instructions and continue monitoring your blood sugar levels regularly.
How long does it take for combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin to work?
Metformin and empagliflozin work together to manage blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Metformin typically begins to lower blood sugar levels within a few days of starting treatment, but it may take up to two weeks to see the full effect. Empagliflozin, on the other hand, starts working more quickly, often within a few hours of the first dose, as it helps the kidneys remove excess glucose from the body. Together, these medications provide a complementary approach to controlling blood sugar, with metformin reducing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity, while empagliflozin increases glucose excretion through urine.
Warnings and Precautions
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin?
Yes, there are potential harms and risks associated with taking a combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin. Empagliflozin is a medication that helps lower blood sugar levels by causing the kidneys to remove sugar from the body through urine. Metformin helps control blood sugar levels by decreasing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity. Possible side effects of this combination can include: 1. **Hypoglycemia**: This is a condition where blood sugar levels drop too low. It can cause symptoms like dizziness, sweating, confusion, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness. 2. **Dehydration**: Empagliflozin can lead to increased urination, which might cause dehydration if fluid intake is not sufficient. 3. **Urinary tract infections**: There is an increased risk of infections in the urinary tract due to the sugar being excreted in the urine. 4. **Lactic acidosis**: This is a rare but serious condition that can occur with Metformin, where lactic acid builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms like muscle pain, difficulty breathing, and stomach pain. 5. **Gastrointestinal issues**: Metformin can cause stomach upset, diarrhea, and nausea. It is important to discuss with a healthcare provider before starting or combining these medications to ensure they are appropriate for your health condition and to understand the potential risks and benefits.
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin?
Common side effects of metformin include gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea, nausea, and stomach discomfort. A rare but serious side effect is lactic acidosis, a condition characterized by a buildup of lactic acid in the blood. Empagliflozin may cause increased urination, urinary tract infections, and genital yeast infections. It can also lead to dehydration and, in rare cases, ketoacidosis, a serious condition where the body produces excess blood acids. Both medications can cause low blood sugar when used with other diabetes medications, and patients should be aware of the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Can I take combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin with other prescription drugs?
Empagliflozin and Metformin can be taken with other prescription drugs, but it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before doing so. This is because combining these medications with other drugs can sometimes lead to interactions that may affect how well the drugs work or increase the risk of side effects. For example, taking Empagliflozin and Metformin with diuretics (water pills) may increase the risk of dehydration. Additionally, certain medications may affect blood sugar levels, which is important to monitor if you are managing diabetes. Always inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to ensure safe and effective treatment. For more detailed information, you can refer to trusted sources like the NHS, DailyMeds, or the National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Can I take combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin with other prescription drugs?
Metformin can interact with medications that affect kidney function, such as certain diuretics and contrast agents used in imaging procedures, increasing the risk of lactic acidosis. Empagliflozin may interact with diuretics, leading to an increased risk of dehydration and low blood pressure. Both medications can interact with insulin and insulin secretagogues, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking to avoid potential interactions and ensure safe and effective use of metformin and empagliflozin.
Can I take combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin if I am pregnant?
It is generally not recommended to take Empagliflozin during pregnancy. According to the NHS, Empagliflozin is not advised for use in pregnant women because it may affect the baby's development. Metformin, on the other hand, is sometimes used during pregnancy to manage blood sugar levels, but only under the guidance of a healthcare professional. It is crucial to consult with your doctor to discuss the safest treatment options for managing diabetes during pregnancy.
Can I take combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin if I am pregnant?
Metformin is generally considered safe during pregnancy and is often used to manage gestational diabetes, as it does not cause significant harm to the fetus. However, empagliflozin is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to the developing fetus, particularly concerning kidney development. Pregnant women should consult their healthcare provider to discuss the risks and benefits of continuing these medications during pregnancy, and alternative treatments may be considered to ensure both maternal and fetal health.
Can I take combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin while breastfeeding?
According to the NHS, it is generally advised to avoid taking Empagliflozin while breastfeeding. This is because there is limited information on its safety for the baby. Metformin, on the other hand, is considered safe to use during breastfeeding as per NHS guidelines. However, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any medication while breastfeeding to ensure the safety of both mother and child.
Can I take combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin while breastfeeding?
Metformin is known to be present in breast milk, but the levels are generally low and not expected to cause harm to a breastfeeding infant. However, caution is advised, and healthcare providers should weigh the benefits against potential risks. Empagliflozin's safety during breastfeeding is not well established, and it is not recommended due to the potential risk of affecting the infant's developing kidneys. Mothers should discuss with their healthcare provider whether to discontinue breastfeeding or the medication, considering the importance of the drug to the mother's health.
Who should avoid taking combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin?
People who should avoid taking the combination of Empagliflozin and Metformin include: 1. **Individuals with Severe Kidney Problems**: This combination can affect kidney function, so it's not recommended for those with severe kidney issues. 2. **People with Metabolic Acidosis**: This is a condition where there is too much acid in the body fluids. Metformin can increase the risk of a serious condition called lactic acidosis. 3. **Those with a History of Allergic Reactions**: If you have had allergic reactions to either Empagliflozin or Metformin, you should avoid this combination. 4. **Patients with Severe Liver Problems**: Liver issues can affect how these drugs are processed in the body. 5. **Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes**: This combination is not suitable for managing type 1 diabetes. 6. **Pregnant or Breastfeeding Women**: The safety of this combination during pregnancy or breastfeeding is not well established. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting or stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking combination of Metformin and Empagliflozin?
Metformin carries a warning for lactic acidosis, a rare but serious condition, especially in patients with kidney or liver impairment. It is contraindicated in severe renal impairment and should be used cautiously in those with liver disease. Empagliflozin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment and those on dialysis. It can cause dehydration, urinary tract infections, and ketoacidosis. Both medications should be used with caution in elderly patients and those with a history of alcohol abuse. Patients should be monitored for signs of adverse effects and have regular kidney function tests.
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