Paliperidone
Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia ... show more
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DRUG STATUS
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Atypical Antipsychotic
Paliperidone
Learn more about this medicine -
Click HereSummary
Paliperidone is primarily used to treat schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. It helps manage symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, mood instability, and disorganized thinking.
Paliperidone works by restoring the balance of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, specifically dopamine and serotonin. This helps to improve mood, thinking, and behavior.
For schizophrenia, adults typically take 3 to 12 mg of Paliperidone daily. For schizoaffective disorder, doses range from 6 to 12 mg daily. It is available in extended-release tablet form and as an injectable.
Common side effects include drowsiness, weight gain, dizziness, and constipation. More serious risks include high blood sugar, movement disorders, hormonal changes, and rarely, a life-threatening condition called neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
People with severe kidney disease, severe allergic reactions to Paliperidone or risperidone, or neuroleptic malignant syndrome should avoid this medication. It should be used with caution in people with heart disease, seizures, or a history of low white blood cell counts. Elderly patients, especially those with dementia-related psychosis, have an increased risk of stroke and death when using Paliperidone.
Indications and Purpose
What is Paliperidone used for?
Paliperidone is primarily used to treat schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. It helps manage symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, mood instability, and disorganized thinking. By stabilizing dopamine and serotonin levels in the brain, it improves mental function and overall quality of life for people with these conditions.
How does Paliperidone work?
Paliperidone blocks dopamine (D2) and serotonin (5-HT2A) receptors in the brain, reducing psychotic symptoms and mood instability. By balancing these neurotransmitters, it helps regulate emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, making it effective for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
Is Paliperidone effective?
Yes, studies show paliperidone is effective in reducing schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder symptoms. It helps prevent relapses and improves patients’ ability to function in daily life. The extended-release and injectable formulations provide consistent symptom control with fewer fluctuations in blood levels compared to older antipsychotic drugs.
How does one know if Paliperidone is working?
Improvement in symptoms such as reduced hallucinations, clearer thinking, and better emotional stability are signs that paliperidone is working. It may take several weeks for full benefits. Regular follow-ups with a doctor will help monitor progress and adjust dosage if needed.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Paliperidone?
For schizophrenia, adults typically take 3 to 12 mg of paliperidone daily, starting with 6 mg once a day. For schizoaffective disorder, doses range from 6 to 12 mg daily. Dosage is adjusted based on response and tolerance. The extended-release tablets should be swallowed whole, not chewed or crushed. Injectable doses vary depending on the formulation.
How do I take Paliperidone?
Paliperidone extended-release tablets should be taken once daily, in the morning, with or without food. They must be swallowed whole with water and should not be split or chewed. The injectable form is given by a healthcare professional. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication, as it can increase drowsiness and dizziness.
For how long do I take Paliperidone?
Treatment duration varies based on the condition. Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder often require long-term treatment to prevent relapse. Your doctor will determine the appropriate length of therapy. Do not stop taking paliperidone suddenly, as it may cause withdrawal symptoms or worsen your condition.
How long does it take for Paliperidone to start working?
Paliperidone may start working within a few days, but full effects can take several weeks. Some symptoms like agitation or hallucinations may improve within 1 to 2 weeks, while others, such as disorganized thinking, may take longer. It is important to continue taking the medication as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
How should I store Paliperidone?
Store paliperidone at room temperature (20-25°C) in a dry place, away from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep it out of reach of children. If using the injectable form, follow storage instructions provided by your healthcare provider. Do not use expired medication.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Paliperidone?
People with severe kidney disease, a history of severe allergic reactions to paliperidone or risperidone, or those with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) should avoid this medication. It should be used with caution in people with heart disease, seizures, or a history of low white blood cell counts.
Can I take Paliperidone with other prescription drugs?
Paliperidone may interact with antihypertensive drugs, sedatives, antidepressants, and other antipsychotics, increasing the risk of side effects like drowsiness or low blood pressure. Avoid combining it with dopamine agonists like levodopa, as it may reduce their effectiveness. Always consult your doctor before adding new medications.
Can I take Paliperidone with vitamins or supplements?
Paliperidone can interact with some supplements, especially St. John’s Wort, which may reduce its effectiveness. Calcium and magnesium supplements should be taken separately, as they can affect absorption. Always inform your doctor about any supplements you are taking before starting paliperidone.
Can Paliperidone be taken safely while pregnant?
Paliperidone should only be used during pregnancy if the benefits outweigh the risks. In the third trimester, it may cause withdrawal symptoms in newborns, such as breathing difficulties and muscle stiffness. Pregnant women should consult their doctor for a thorough risk-benefit analysis before taking paliperidone.
Can Paliperidone be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Paliperidone passes into breast milk and may cause side effects in infants, such as drowsiness or feeding difficulties. Breastfeeding while taking this medication is generally not recommended unless advised by a doctor. If necessary, formula feeding may be a safer alternative.
Is Paliperidone safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients, especially those with dementia-related psychosis, have an increased risk of stroke and death when using antipsychotics like paliperidone. It should be used with caution in older adults due to increased sensitivity to side effects such as dizziness and movement disorders.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Paliperidone?
Yes, regular exercise is encouraged while taking paliperidone to help manage weight gain and improve overall well-being. However, be cautious with strenuous activities, as this medication can cause dizziness, dehydration, or overheating. Stay hydrated, take breaks as needed, and consult your doctor if you experience unusual fatigue or weakness.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Paliperidone?
Drinking alcohol while taking paliperidone is not recommended. Alcohol can increase drowsiness, dizziness, and the risk of dangerous side effects like confusion or impaired motor skills. If you do drink, limit intake and monitor for adverse effects. Always consult your doctor before combining alcohol with medication.
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