Varenicline
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
None
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Cholinergic Receptor Agonist and Partial Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist
Controlled Drug Substance
No
varenicline
Summary
Varenicline is used to help people quit smoking, which involves stopping the use of tobacco products. It is part of a comprehensive quit-smoking plan that may include support and counseling to increase the chances of successfully quitting.
Varenicline works by affecting nicotine receptors, which are parts of the brain that respond to nicotine. It reduces cravings and withdrawal symptoms, making it easier to quit smoking by partially stimulating these receptors and blocking nicotine's effects.
The usual starting dose of Varenicline is 0.5 mg once daily for three days, then 0.5 mg twice daily for four days, and finally 1 mg twice daily. It is taken orally, which means by mouth, usually after meals with water.
Common side effects of Varenicline include nausea, which is feeling sick to your stomach, and abnormal dreams, which are unusual or vivid dreams. Insomnia, which is trouble sleeping, and headaches are also frequently reported.
Varenicline may cause mood changes, including depression or suicidal thoughts, which are serious mental health symptoms. It should not be used by people with allergies to it or its ingredients. Caution is needed for those with mental health issues or a history of seizures.
Indications and Purpose
How does Varenicline work?
Varenicline works by affecting nicotine receptors in the brain. Normally, nicotine from cigarettes binds to these receptors, causing pleasurable effects and addiction. Varenicline partially stimulates these receptors, reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms while blocking nicotine's effects. Think of it like a key that fits the lock but doesn't fully turn it. This helps make quitting smoking easier. Varenicline is effective in helping people quit smoking when used as part of a comprehensive quit-smoking plan.
Is Varenicline effective?
Yes, Varenicline is effective in helping people quit smoking. It works by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms associated with quitting. Clinical studies show that Varenicline significantly increases the chances of quitting smoking compared to placebo. It is often more effective than other smoking cessation aids. For the best results, use Varenicline as part of a comprehensive quit-smoking plan, including support and counseling. Always follow your doctor's instructions for the best outcomes.
What is Varenicline?
Varenicline is a medication used to help people quit smoking. It belongs to a class of drugs called smoking cessation aids. Varenicline works by affecting nicotine receptors in the brain, reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms. This helps make quitting smoking easier. It's typically used as part of a comprehensive quit-smoking plan, which may include support and counseling. Always follow your doctor's instructions when using Varenicline to ensure the best results.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Varenicline?
Varenicline is usually taken for 12 weeks to help quit smoking. Your doctor may recommend an additional 12 weeks to increase the chances of staying smoke-free. It's important to follow your doctor's instructions and complete the full course of treatment. If you have questions about the duration of use or need support during your quit-smoking journey, talk with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance and help you stay on track.
How do I dispose of Varenicline?
Dispose of Varenicline properly to avoid harm to others and the environment. If possible, take unused medicine to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. If that's not an option, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, remove it from its original container, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and then throw it away. Always keep medicines out of reach of children and pets.
How do I take Varenicline?
Take Varenicline as prescribed by your doctor. Usually, you start with a low dose and gradually increase it. It's typically taken twice daily, once in the morning and once in the evening, after meals. Swallow the tablet whole with water. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's close to your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose. Do not double up on doses. Avoid alcohol while taking Varenicline, as it can increase side effects. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions for the best results.
How long does it take for Varenicline to start working?
Varenicline starts working shortly after you begin taking it. It reaches its highest levels in your blood within a few hours. You may notice reduced cravings and withdrawal symptoms within the first week. For the best results, start Varenicline one week before your planned quit date. The full benefits may take several weeks to become apparent. Individual factors, such as your smoking habits and overall health, can affect how quickly Varenicline works. Follow your doctor's instructions for the best outcomes.
How should I store Varenicline?
Store Varenicline at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in its original container with the lid tightly closed. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect the medication's effectiveness. Keep Varenicline out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion. Regularly check the expiration date and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication. If you have questions about storage, consult your pharmacist.
What is the usual dose of Varenicline?
The usual starting dose of Varenicline for adults is 0.5 mg once daily for the first three days. Then, the dose is increased to 0.5 mg twice daily for the next four days. After that, the dose is typically increased to 1 mg twice daily. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and any side effects. The maximum recommended dose is 1 mg twice daily. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Varenicline with other prescription drugs?
Varenicline has no major drug interactions, but it's important to inform your doctor about all medications you take. Some interactions may increase side effects or affect how well Varenicline works. For example, combining Varenicline with alcohol can increase the risk of mood changes. Always discuss your medication list with your healthcare provider to ensure safe and effective treatment. They can help manage any potential interactions and adjust your treatment plan if needed.
Can Varenicline be taken safely while breastfeeding?
The safety of Varenicline while breastfeeding is not well-established. It's unclear if the medication passes into breast milk or affects the breastfed infant. Due to limited information, it's best to consult your doctor before using Varenicline while breastfeeding. They can help weigh the potential risks and benefits and suggest alternative options for quitting smoking that are safer for you and your baby.
Can Varenicline be taken safely while pregnant?
The safety of Varenicline during pregnancy is not well-established. Limited evidence makes it difficult to provide definitive advice. Animal studies suggest potential risks, but human data is lacking. Smoking during pregnancy can harm both mother and baby, so it's important to discuss options with your doctor. They can help create a safe plan to quit smoking during pregnancy, considering the potential risks and benefits of using Varenicline.
Does Varenicline have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Varenicline can cause nausea, which is common and affects about 30% of users. Other adverse effects include insomnia, abnormal dreams, and headaches. Serious side effects, like mood changes or allergic reactions, are less common but require immediate medical attention. If you experience any new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor. They can help determine if these are related to Varenicline and suggest appropriate actions.
Does Varenicline have any safety warnings?
Yes, Varenicline has important safety warnings. It may cause changes in mood or behavior, including depression or suicidal thoughts. If you experience these symptoms, seek medical help immediately. Varenicline can also cause serious allergic reactions, which require emergency attention. Some people may experience seizures or cardiovascular events. It's crucial to follow your doctor's instructions and report any unusual symptoms. Not adhering to these warnings can lead to severe health consequences.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Varenicline?
It's best to limit alcohol consumption while taking Varenicline. Alcohol can increase the risk of mood changes and other side effects. Some people may experience increased intoxication or unusual behavior when drinking alcohol with Varenicline. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation and be aware of any changes in how you feel. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Varenicline to get personalized advice based on your health situation.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Varenicline?
Yes, it's generally safe to exercise while taking Varenicline. Exercise can be a helpful part of a quit-smoking plan, as it reduces stress and improves mood. However, Varenicline can cause dizziness or nausea in some people. If you experience these symptoms, take it easy during physical activity. Stay hydrated and listen to your body. If you have concerns about exercising while on Varenicline, consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Is it safe to stop Varenicline?
It's important to follow your doctor's advice when stopping Varenicline. Stopping suddenly may increase the risk of returning to smoking. Your doctor may suggest gradually reducing the dose to minimize withdrawal symptoms. If you experience any unusual symptoms after stopping, contact your healthcare provider. They can help manage any issues and provide support to maintain your progress in quitting smoking. Always consult your doctor before making changes to your medication regimen.
Is Varenicline addictive?
Varenicline is not considered addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Varenicline works by affecting nicotine receptors in the brain to help reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms associated with quitting smoking. This mechanism does not lead to addiction. If you have concerns about medication dependence, discuss them with your doctor, who can provide reassurance and guidance.
Is Varenicline safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals may be more sensitive to the side effects of Varenicline, such as dizziness or mood changes. It's important for older adults to use Varenicline under close medical supervision. The doctor may adjust the dose based on the individual's health status and response to the medication. Regular monitoring can help manage any potential risks and ensure the safe use of Varenicline in elderly patients.
What are the most common side effects of Varenicline?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Varenicline include nausea, which affects about 30% of users, and abnormal dreams, which occur in about 13% of users. Insomnia and headaches are also common. These side effects vary from person to person. If you notice new symptoms after starting Varenicline, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Varenicline?
Varenicline should not be used by people with a known allergy to it or its ingredients. Serious allergic reactions require immediate medical help. Caution is needed for those with a history of mental health issues, as Varenicline can cause mood changes. It's also important to be cautious if you have a history of seizures or cardiovascular problems. Always discuss your medical history with your doctor before starting Varenicline to ensure it's safe for you.
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