Rifaximin
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Rifamycin Antibacterial
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Rifaximin
Summary
Rifaximin is used to treat traveler's diarrhea, which is a digestive tract disorder causing loose stools and abdominal cramps, and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea, which is a chronic condition causing abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It also helps reduce the risk of hepatic encephalopathy, which is a brain disorder caused by liver disease.
Rifaximin works by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis, which stops bacteria from growing and multiplying. This action reduces the number of harmful bacteria in the gut, improving symptoms of infections like traveler's diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea.
Rifaximin is usually taken as a tablet, typically 200 mg three times a day for traveler's diarrhea or 550 mg twice a day for other conditions. It can be taken with or without food. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions.
Common side effects of Rifaximin include nausea, which is a feeling of sickness with an inclination to vomit, dizziness, which is a sensation of spinning or losing balance, and fatigue, which is a feeling of extreme tiredness. These effects are usually mild.
Rifaximin should not be used if you have a known allergy to it or its ingredients. It's also not recommended for people with severe liver disease, which affects how the body processes the medication. Always inform your doctor about your medical history and any allergies before starting Rifaximin.
Indications and Purpose
How does Rifaximin work?
Rifaximin works by inhibiting bacterial RNA synthesis, which stops bacteria from growing and multiplying. Think of it like turning off a machine that makes copies. This action helps reduce the number of harmful bacteria in the gut, improving symptoms of infections like traveler's diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea.
Is Rifaximin effective?
Rifaximin is effective for treating certain bacterial infections in the gut, such as traveler's diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Clinical studies show Rifaximin improves symptoms and reduces the risk of recurrence in these conditions. Always follow your doctor's instructions for the best results.
What is Rifaximin?
Rifaximin is an antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections in the gut, such as traveler's diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Rifaximin is not absorbed well into the bloodstream, so it mainly affects bacteria in the intestines. It's used alone and not typically combined with other antibiotics.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Rifaximin?
Rifaximin is usually prescribed for short-term treatment of acute infections, like traveler's diarrhea. The typical duration is 3 to 14 days, depending on the condition being treated. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding the length of treatment. If your symptoms persist or worsen, contact your healthcare provider for further guidance.
How do I dispose of Rifaximin?
To dispose of Rifaximin, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. If that's not possible, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, remove it from its original container, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and throw it away. This helps prevent harm to people and the environment.
How do I take Rifaximin?
Rifaximin is usually taken as a tablet, typically three times a day for a set period, depending on your condition. You can take it with or without food. Do not crush or chew the tablets. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Never take two doses at once. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions.
How long does it take for Rifaximin to start working?
Rifaximin starts working within a few hours of taking it, but you may not notice symptom improvement right away. For conditions like traveler's diarrhea, you might see improvement within 24 to 48 hours. Full therapeutic effects can take a few days. How quickly it works can depend on the severity of your condition and your overall health.
How should I store Rifaximin?
Store Rifaximin tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep them in their original container, tightly closed. Avoid storing them in humid places like bathrooms. Always keep Rifaximin out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Rifaximin?
The usual dose of Rifaximin for adults is 200 mg taken three times a day for certain conditions. For other conditions, the dose might be 550 mg twice a day. The exact dose depends on the condition being treated. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions. Dose adjustments may be needed for special populations, such as the elderly.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Rifaximin with other prescription drugs?
Rifaximin has few known drug interactions, but it may interact with certain antibiotics or medications that affect the liver. These interactions could increase the risk of side effects or reduce the effectiveness of Rifaximin. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking to avoid potential interactions. They can help ensure your treatment is safe and effective.
Can Rifaximin be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Rifaximin's safety during breastfeeding isn't well-established. It's unclear if the medication passes into breast milk. If you're breastfeeding, talk with your doctor about the safest treatment options. They can help determine if Rifaximin is appropriate for you or suggest alternatives that allow you to nurse safely.
Can Rifaximin be taken safely while pregnant?
Rifaximin's safety during pregnancy isn't well-established. Limited data suggest it should be used only if the benefits outweigh the risks. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about the safest treatment options. They can help create a plan that protects both you and your baby.
Does Rifaximin have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. With Rifaximin, common adverse effects include nausea, dizziness, and fatigue. These effects are usually mild. Serious adverse effects are rare but can include severe allergic reactions or liver problems. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor. They can help determine if these symptoms are related to Rifaximin.
Does Rifaximin have any safety warnings?
Rifaximin has some safety warnings. It should not be used if you have a severe liver condition called hepatic encephalopathy, which affects brain function. If you experience severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, or blood in your stool, contact your doctor immediately. These could be signs of a serious condition. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Rifaximin?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Rifaximin. Alcohol can irritate the stomach and worsen side effects like nausea. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation and watch for any adverse reactions. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Rifaximin to get personalized advice based on your health situation.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Rifaximin?
You can exercise while taking Rifaximin, but listen to your body. If you feel dizzy or fatigued, take a break. Rifaximin can cause mild side effects like dizziness, which might affect your exercise capacity. Stay hydrated and avoid strenuous activities if you feel unwell. If you have concerns, talk with your doctor about your exercise routine.
Is it safe to stop Rifaximin?
Rifaximin is usually prescribed for short-term use to treat specific infections. Stopping it early can lead to incomplete treatment and the return of symptoms. Always complete the full course as prescribed by your doctor. If you have concerns about stopping Rifaximin, talk with your healthcare provider. They can guide you on how to safely discontinue the medication.
Is Rifaximin addictive?
Rifaximin is not addictive or habit-forming. This medication doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Rifaximin works by affecting bacteria in the gut and doesn't affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed.
Is Rifaximin safe for the elderly?
Rifaximin is generally safe for the elderly, but they may be more sensitive to its effects. Older adults might experience side effects like dizziness or fatigue more frequently. It's important for elderly patients to follow their doctor's instructions and report any unusual symptoms. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider can help ensure safe use.
What are the most common side effects of Rifaximin?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can happen when taking a medication. Common side effects of Rifaximin include nausea, dizziness, and fatigue. These effects vary from person to person and are usually mild. If you notice new symptoms after starting Rifaximin, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Rifaximin?
Rifaximin should not be used if you have a known allergy to it or its ingredients. It's also not recommended for people with severe liver disease, which affects how the body processes the medication. Always inform your doctor about your medical history and any allergies before starting Rifaximin. They can help determine if it's safe for you.
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