Pirfenidone
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Pyridone
Controlled Drug Substance
No
pirfenidone
Summary
Pirfenidone is used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is a lung disease that causes scarring and makes it hard to breathe.
Pirfenidone works by slowing down the formation of scar tissue in the lungs, which helps improve lung function and slow the disease's progression.
The usual starting dose of Pirfenidone for adults is 267 mg three times a day, which may be increased to 801 mg three times a day, taken with food.
Common side effects of Pirfenidone include nausea, rash, and fatigue, which means feeling very tired.
Pirfenidone can cause liver problems, so regular liver tests are important. Avoid sun exposure to prevent sunburn. Don't use if allergic to it or have severe liver issues.
Indications and Purpose
How does Pirfenidone work?
Pirfenidone works by reducing lung fibrosis, which is the thickening and scarring of lung tissue. It inhibits the production of certain proteins and growth factors that contribute to fibrosis. Think of it like slowing down the formation of scar tissue in your lungs. This helps improve lung function and slow the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is a lung disease that causes scarring.
Is Pirfenidone effective?
Pirfenidone is effective in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is a lung disease that causes scarring. It works by slowing the progression of lung fibrosis. Clinical studies show that Pirfenidone can improve lung function and reduce the decline in lung capacity. These results support its effectiveness in managing this condition. Always follow your doctor's instructions for the best outcomes.
What is Pirfenidone?
Pirfenidone is a medication used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is a lung disease that causes scarring. It belongs to the class of antifibrotic agents, which work by reducing lung fibrosis. This medication helps slow the progression of the disease and improve lung function. Pirfenidone is used as a long-term treatment to manage this chronic condition.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Pirfenidone?
Pirfenidone is usually a long-term medication for managing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is a chronic lung disease. You'll typically take Pirfenidone every day as a lifelong treatment unless your doctor suggests otherwise. Stopping this medication without medical advice could cause your condition to worsen. Always talk with your doctor before changing or stopping your Pirfenidone treatment.
How do I dispose of Pirfenidone?
If you can, bring unused Pirfenidone to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of this medicine properly so it doesn't harm people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw most medicines in the trash at home. But first, take them out of their original containers, mix them with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag, and throw it away.
How do I take Pirfenidone?
Take Pirfenidone three times a day with food to reduce the risk of stomach upset. Start with a low dose and gradually increase it as directed by your doctor. Do not crush or chew the tablets. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Avoid taking two doses at once.
How long does it take for Pirfenidone to start working?
Pirfenidone starts working in your body shortly after you take it, but you may not notice all the benefits right away. It can take several weeks to months to see significant improvements in lung function. How quickly the medication works can depend on your overall health and the progression of your condition. Take it exactly as prescribed for the best results.
How should I store Pirfenidone?
Store Pirfenidone at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container. Don't store it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect the medication's effectiveness. Always store Pirfenidone out of children's reach to prevent accidental swallowing. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Pirfenidone?
The usual starting dose of Pirfenidone for adults is 267 mg three times a day. Your doctor may gradually increase the dose to 801 mg three times a day, depending on your tolerance and response. Dose adjustments may be needed for elderly patients or those with liver problems. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Pirfenidone with other prescription drugs?
Pirfenidone can interact with certain medications, increasing the risk of side effects. For example, taking it with fluvoxamine can increase Pirfenidone levels in your blood, leading to more side effects. Always inform your doctor about all medications you take to prevent interactions. Your doctor can adjust your treatment plan to ensure it's safe and effective.
Can Pirfenidone be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Pirfenidone is not recommended while breastfeeding due to limited information on its safety. It's unclear if this medication passes into human breast milk. If you're taking Pirfenidone and want to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about safer medication options that would allow you to nurse your baby safely. Your doctor can help determine the best course of action for your situation.
Can Pirfenidone be taken safely while pregnant?
Pirfenidone isn't recommended during pregnancy due to limited evidence on its safety. Animal studies suggest potential risks, but human data is lacking. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about the safest way to manage your condition. Your doctor can help create a pregnancy-specific treatment plan that protects both you and your baby.
Does Pirfenidone have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Pirfenidone include nausea, rash, and fatigue. These occur in more than 10% of users. Serious effects like liver problems or severe allergic reactions are rare but require immediate medical attention. Always inform your doctor about any new or worsening symptoms while taking Pirfenidone.
Does Pirfenidone have any safety warnings?
Yes, Pirfenidone has safety warnings. It can cause liver problems, so regular liver function tests are important. Avoid sun exposure, as it can increase your risk of sunburn. Not adhering to these warnings can lead to serious health issues. If you experience symptoms like yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or severe sunburn, contact your doctor immediately.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Pirfenidone?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Pirfenidone. Alcohol can increase the risk of liver problems, which is a concern with Pirfenidone. Drinking alcohol may also worsen side effects like dizziness or nausea. If you do choose to drink occasionally, limit how much alcohol you consume and watch for warning signs like fatigue or jaundice. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Pirfenidone.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Pirfenidone?
You can exercise while taking Pirfenidone, but keep a few things in mind. This medication can cause dizziness or fatigue, which might affect your exercise capacity. To exercise safely, start with light activities and gradually increase intensity. Watch for signs of dizziness or unusual fatigue. If you notice these symptoms, slow down or stop exercising and rest. Always consult your doctor if you have concerns.
Is it safe to stop Pirfenidone?
Pirfenidone is usually used long-term for chronic conditions like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is a lung disease that causes scarring. Stopping it suddenly can worsen your condition. Always talk with your doctor before stopping Pirfenidone. They might suggest gradually reducing your dose or switching to a different medication to keep your condition under control.
Is Pirfenidone addictive?
Pirfenidone is not addictive or habit-forming. It doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. This medication works by reducing lung fibrosis, which is the thickening and scarring of lung tissue, and doesn't affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for Pirfenidone or feel compelled to take more than prescribed.
Is Pirfenidone safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients are more vulnerable to safety risks with medications like Pirfenidone. They may experience more side effects, such as liver problems or dizziness. Regular monitoring and dose adjustments may be needed. Always consult your doctor about the risks and benefits of Pirfenidone for elderly patients. Your doctor can help determine the best treatment plan for their specific needs.
What are the most common side effects of Pirfenidone?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Pirfenidone include nausea, rash, and fatigue, affecting more than 10% of users. These symptoms may be temporary or unrelated to the medication. If you notice new symptoms after starting Pirfenidone, talk with your doctor before stopping the medication. They can help determine if the symptoms are related to Pirfenidone.
Who should avoid taking Pirfenidone?
Don't take Pirfenidone if you're allergic to it or its ingredients. Serious allergic reactions, which cause rash, hives, or swelling that makes breathing difficult, require immediate medical help. Pirfenidone shouldn't be used by people with severe liver problems, as it can worsen liver function. Always consult your doctor about these concerns before starting Pirfenidone.
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