Phenelzine
Depressive Disorder
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Phenelzine
Summary
Phenelzine is primarily used to treat depression, especially in patients who haven't responded well to other treatments. It's particularly effective for atypical depression, which can include symptoms like mood reactivity, increased appetite, and excessive sleep.
Phenelzine works by inhibiting the activity of an enzyme called monoamine oxidase. This enzyme breaks down neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. By preventing this breakdown, Phenelzine increases the levels of these neurotransmitters, which helps improve mood and alleviate symptoms of depression.
The typical dose for adults is one 15mg tablet taken three times a day. If there's no response after two weeks, the dosage may be increased to a maximum of one 15mg tablet four times a day. Phenelzine is not usually prescribed for children under 16 years of age.
Common side effects of Phenelzine include drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, and constipation. More serious adverse effects can include high blood pressure crises, suicidal thoughts, and liver damage. If any severe side effects occur, it's important to seek medical attention immediately.
Phenelzine should not be used with certain medications, such as other MAOIs, due to the risk of serious interactions. It's also important to avoid foods high in tyramine to prevent hypertensive crises. Phenelzine is contraindicated in patients with certain medical conditions like liver disease and pheochromocytoma.
Indications and Purpose
How does one know if Phenelzine is working?
The benefit of phenelzine is evaluated through regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider. They will monitor your symptoms, side effects, and overall response to the medication. Blood pressure checks and other assessments may be conducted to ensure the medication is working effectively and safely.
How does Phenelzine work?
Phenelzine works by inhibiting the activity of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme that breaks down certain neurotransmitters in the brain. By blocking this enzyme, phenelzine increases the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which help improve mood and mental balance.
Is Phenelzine effective?
Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used to treat depression, particularly in patients who have not responded to other treatments. It works by increasing the levels of certain natural substances in the brain that help maintain mental balance. Clinical studies have shown its effectiveness in treating depression, especially in patients with atypical or non-endogenous depression.
What is Phenelzine?
Phenelzine is an antidepressant used to treat depression, particularly in patients who have not responded to other treatments. It belongs to a class of medications called monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and works by increasing the levels of certain natural substances in the brain that help maintain mental balance. It is effective in treating atypical or non-endogenous depression.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Phenelzine?
Phenelzine is typically used for an extended period, as it may take 4 weeks or longer to feel its full benefits. The duration of use depends on the individual's response and the doctor's recommendation. It's important to continue taking phenelzine even if you feel well, and not to stop without consulting your doctor.
How do I take Phenelzine?
Phenelzine is usually taken three times a day, and it can be taken with or without food. However, it's important to avoid foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheeses, smoked meats, and certain alcoholic beverages, as they can cause dangerous increases in blood pressure. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully regarding food restrictions.
How long does it take for Phenelzine to start working?
Phenelzine may take 4 weeks or longer to feel its full benefits. It's important to continue taking the medication as prescribed, even if you don't notice immediate improvements. Regular follow-up with your doctor will help monitor your progress.
How should I store Phenelzine?
Phenelzine should be stored in its original container, tightly closed, and kept out of reach of children. It should be stored at room temperature, away from excess heat and moisture. Do not store it in the bathroom. Unneeded medication should be disposed of through a medicine take-back program.
What is the usual dose of Phenelzine?
For adults, the usual dose of phenelzine is one 15 mg tablet taken three times a day. If no response is evident after two weeks, the dosage may be increased to a maximum of one 15 mg tablet four times a day. For children under 16 years of age, phenelzine is not indicated. Always follow your doctor's advice for the correct dosage.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Phenelzine with other prescription drugs?
Phenelzine can interact with several prescription drugs, including other MAOIs, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and certain antidepressants. These interactions can lead to serious side effects, such as hypertensive crises or serotonin syndrome. It's crucial to inform your doctor of all medications you are taking to avoid dangerous interactions.
Can Phenelzine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
It is not known if phenelzine is excreted in breast milk. Due to the potential for serious adverse effects on the infant, a decision should be made whether to discontinue the drug or not to breast-feed. Consult your doctor for personalized advice if you are breastfeeding.
Can Phenelzine be taken safely while pregnant?
Phenelzine is not recommended for use during pregnancy, especially in the first and last trimesters, unless there are compelling reasons. There is no strong evidence from human studies on fetal harm, but the potential for serious adverse effects exists. Consult your doctor for personalized advice if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Phenelzine?
Drinking alcohol while taking phenelzine is not recommended. Alcohol can worsen the side effects of phenelzine, such as dizziness and drowsiness, and may lead to dangerous interactions. It's best to avoid alcohol to ensure the safe and effective use of phenelzine.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Phenelzine?
Phenelzine may cause dizziness, drowsiness, and weakness, which could limit your ability to exercise safely. It's important to understand how the medication affects you before engaging in physical activities. Consult your doctor for personalized advice on exercising while taking phenelzine.
Is Phenelzine safe for the elderly?
For elderly patients, phenelzine should be used with caution due to the increased risk of side effects such as postural hypotension. Elderly patients often take multiple medications, increasing the risk of drug interactions. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to ensure safe use.
Who should avoid taking Phenelzine?
Phenelzine has several important warnings and contraindications. It should not be used with certain medications, such as other MAOIs, due to the risk of serious interactions. Patients should avoid foods high in tyramine, as they can cause dangerous increases in blood pressure. Alcohol and certain over-the-counter medications should also be avoided. Phenelzine is contraindicated in patients with certain medical conditions, such as liver disease and pheochromocytoma.