Nilotinib
Accelerated Phase Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic-Phase Myeloid Leukemia
Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Kinase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO

Nilotinib
Summary
Nilotinib is used to treat a type of blood cancer called chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). It's mainly prescribed for newly diagnosed cases or for patients who did not respond well to another drug called imatinib.
Nilotinib targets a specific protein that helps cancer cells grow and multiply. By blocking this protein, Nilotinib slows down or stops the cancer from spreading.
For adults with newly diagnosed CML, the usual dose is 300 mg twice daily. For patients resistant to other therapies, the dose is 400 mg twice daily. The medication should be taken exactly 12 hours apart.
Common side effects of Nilotinib include nausea, rash, headache, and muscle pain. Some patients may also experience fatigue, mood changes, insomnia, and mild weight gain.
Patients with heart problems, uncontrolled diabetes, or severe liver disease should avoid Nilotinib. It's also not recommended for pregnant women. Alcohol should be avoided as it can interfere with the drug's effectiveness and increase the risk of liver toxicity and heart problems.
Indications and Purpose
How does Nilotinib work?
Nilotinib blocks tyrosine kinase enzymes, preventing leukemia cells from growing and multiplying. This helps slow or stop the progression of chronic myeloid leukemia.
Is Nilotinib effective?
Yes, clinical studies show nilotinib is more effective than imatinib in achieving deep molecular response in CML patients. It helps prevent disease progression and increases survival rates when taken as prescribed.
What is Nilotinib?
**What is Nilotinib?** Nilotinib is a medicine used to treat a kind of blood cancer called chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). It targets a specific protein that helps cancer cells grow and multiply. By blocking this protein, Nilotinib slows or stops the cancer from spreading.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Nilotinib?
Nilotinib is taken long-term as part of chronic myeloid leukemia treatment. Some patients may stop treatment if they achieve deep molecular remission, but only under strict medical supervision. Stopping it suddenly can lead to cancer relapse.
How do I take Nilotinib?
Take nilotinib on an empty stomach, at least 2 hours before or 1 hour after eating. Food can increase drug absorption, leading to serious side effects. Swallow the capsules whole with water. Do not crush or open them. Avoid grapefruit, as it can interfere with how the body processes the drug.
How long does it take for Nilotinib to start working?
Nilotinib starts working within a few days, but it may take weeks to months for a significant reduction in cancer cells. Doctors monitor progress through blood tests and bone marrow exams.
How should I store Nilotinib?
Store at room temperature (15-30°C) in a dry place, away from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep it out of reach of children.
What is the usual dose of Nilotinib?
For adults with newly diagnosed CML, the usual dose is 300 mg twice daily. For patients resistant to other therapies, the dose is 400 mg twice daily. It should be taken exactly 12 hours apart. Dosage adjustments may be required based on side effects or liver and heart function.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Nilotinib with other prescription drugs?
Nilotinib interacts with many drugs, including antacids, blood thinners, and heart medications. Always inform your doctor about any prescriptions or over-the-counter medicines you are taking.
Can Nilotinib be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Breastfeeding is not recommended, as nilotinib can pass into breast milk and harm the infant.
Can Nilotinib be taken safely while pregnant?
Nilotinib is not safe during pregnancy, as it may harm the developing baby. Women of childbearing age should use effective birth control while on this medication.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Nilotinib?
Alcohol should be avoided, as it increases the risk of liver toxicity and heart problems. Drinking alcohol may also worsen dizziness, fatigue, and nausea. Even moderate alcohol consumption can interfere with nilotinib’s effectiveness. If you drink occasionally, consult your doctor about safe limits based on your overall health condition and treatment response.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Nilotinib?
Yes, but moderate exercise is recommended over intense workouts. Strenuous activity may worsen fatigue, muscle pain, or dizziness. Light activities like walking, yoga, and stretching can improve energy levels and overall health. If you experience excessive weakness, heart palpitations, or dizziness, stop exercising and consult your doctor for further advice on activity levels.
Is Nilotinib safe for the elderly?
Yes, but elderly patients may be more sensitive to heart and liver side effects. Regular monitoring is essential.
Who should avoid taking Nilotinib?
Patients with heart problems, uncontrolled diabetes, or severe liver disease should avoid nilotinib. It is also not recommended for pregnant women unless absolutely necessary.