Naltrexone
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Opioid Antagonist
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Naltrexone
Summary
Naltrexone is primarily used to treat alcohol and opioid dependence. It helps reduce cravings and block the effects of these substances, aiding in preventing relapse.
Naltrexone works by blocking the opioid receptors in the brain. This prevents the pleasurable effects of opioids or alcohol, reducing cravings and the desire to use these substances.
The usual dose of Naltrexone for alcohol dependence is 50 mg once a day. For opioid dependence, the typical dose is 50 mg daily or 100 mg every other day. It is taken orally, usually in the form of a tablet.
Common side effects of Naltrexone include nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Some people may also experience mood changes, sleep disturbances, and gastrointestinal issues.
Naltrexone should be avoided by individuals with acute liver problems, those allergic to the drug, or those currently using opioids. It may interact with certain medications, especially those affecting the liver. It is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Indications and Purpose
How does Naltrexone work?
Naltrexone works by blocking opioid receptors in the brain, preventing the pleasurable effects of opioids or alcohol. It reduces cravings and the desire to use these substances, helping individuals in recovery stay sober and avoid relapse. It also helps reduce the reinforcing effects of alcohol and opioids.
How does one know if Naltrexone is working?
You can determine if naltrexone is working by observing a reduction in cravings for alcohol or opioids and a decrease in the urge to use these substances. Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider will help assess your progress and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.
Is Naltrexone effective?
Yes, naltrexone is considered an effective treatment for alcohol and opioid dependence. Studies have shown that it helps reduce the risk of relapse by blocking the pleasurable effects of alcohol and opioids. It is most effective when used in combination with counseling and support therapies.
What is Naltrexone?
Naltrexone is a medication used to help treat alcohol and opioid dependence. It works by blocking the effects of opioids and reducing the craving for alcohol. It is often prescribed as part of a treatment plan that includes counseling and other therapies. It helps people stay sober and avoid relapse by preventing the pleasurable effects of alcohol or opioids.
What is Naltrexone used for?
Naltrexone is primarily used to treat alcohol and opioid dependence. It works by reducing cravings and blocking the effects of alcohol or opioids, which helps prevent relapse. It may also be used off-label to treat conditions such as opioid overdose or to help manage certain behaviors related to addiction.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Naltrexone?
The duration of treatment with naltrexone varies depending on the individual’s condition. For alcohol use disorder, treatment may last several months or even longer, while for opioid use disorder, the duration is typically months to years, depending on the patient's recovery progress. Always consult your doctor to determine the most appropriate treatment timeline.
How do I take Naltrexone?
Naltrexone should be taken orally, usually in the form of a tablet once a day, with or without food. To ensure the best results, take the medication consistently at the same time each day. Avoid missing doses, and follow your doctor’s instructions for proper usage.
How long does it take for Naltrexone to start working?
Naltrexone generally starts working within 1 hour of taking it, with the full effects occurring within a few days to a week. For alcohol dependence, it may take a little longer to notice reduced cravings, while for opioid dependence, the medication will block opioid effects almost immediately.
How should I store Naltrexone?
Store naltrexone at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and light. Keep it in its original container with the lid tightly closed. Ensure the medication is out of reach of children and pets to avoid accidental ingestion.
What is the usual dose of Naltrexone?
The usual dose of naltrexone for alcohol dependence is 50 mg once a day. For opioid dependence, the typical dose is 50 mg daily or 100 mg every other day. The dose may be adjusted based on individual needs and tolerance. Always follow the dosing instructions provided by your doctor.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Naltrexone with other prescription drugs?
Naltrexone may interact with other medications, especially those that affect the liver, such as certain antidepressants, antifungals, or anti-seizure drugs. It may also interact with opioid painkillers, potentially causing withdrawal symptoms. Always inform your doctor about all medications you’re taking before starting naltrexone.
Can I take Naltrexone with vitamins or supplements?
There are no significant interactions between naltrexone and most vitamins or supplements. However, if you are taking other medications or supplements, it’s important to inform your doctor to avoid any potential interactions. Always follow your healthcare provider’s advice for combining supplements with naltrexone.
Can Naltrexone be taken safely while breastfeeding?
It is not known if naltrexone passes into breast milk, but it is typically not recommended for use while breastfeeding. Always consult with your healthcare provider to discuss the risks and benefits if you are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed while taking this medication.
Can Naltrexone be taken safely while pregnant?
The safety of naltrexone during pregnancy has not been well studied, and it is generally not recommended for use during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Consult your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant while using this medication.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Naltrexone?
It is strongly advised to avoid alcohol while taking naltrexone. Combining alcohol with naltrexone can interfere with the medication's effectiveness and may worsen side effects. Drinking alcohol could also increase the risk of overdose or relapse into alcohol use disorder. Always follow your doctor's advice on alcohol consumption.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Naltrexone?
Yes, exercising is generally safe while taking naltrexone, and in fact, physical activity can support overall well-being and recovery. However, if you experience side effects such as dizziness, fatigue, or nausea, you should avoid intense exercise until your body adjusts to the medication. Always consult with your healthcare provider before beginning any new exercise regimen.
Is Naltrexone safe for the elderly?
Naltrexone is generally safe for elderly individuals, but they may be more sensitive to its side effects, such as dizziness or fatigue. Dosing adjustments may be needed for older adults, particularly those with liver problems. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting naltrexone.
Who should avoid taking Naltrexone?
Naltrexone should be avoided by individuals who have acute liver problems, are allergic to the drug, or are currently using opioids. It is also not recommended for people with a history of opioid overdose, as the medication may precipitate withdrawal symptoms.
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