Metronidazole
Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis, Bacterial Endocarditis ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Nitroimidazole Antimicrobial
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Metronidazole
Summary
Metronidazole is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial and parasitic infections. It is commonly used for conditions like bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and some gastrointestinal infections such as amoebiasis.
Metronidazole works by entering the cells of the bacteria or parasite causing the infection, damaging their DNA, and preventing them from reproducing. This leads to the death of the microorganisms.
For adults, Metronidazole is typically given as 250-500 mg orally two or three times a day, depending on the condition being treated. The duration of treatment can range from 5 to 14 days based on the infection.
Common side effects include nausea, a metallic taste, headache, and dizziness. Some people may also experience stomach discomfort and mood changes. Serious side effects can include allergic reactions, seizures, or liver problems.
People who are allergic to Metronidazole or have liver problems should avoid this medication. Pregnant women, especially in the first trimester, should consult their doctor before use. It's also important to avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after completing your course due to the risk of severe reactions.
Indications and Purpose
How does Metronidazole work?
Metronidazole works by entering the microorganism's cells and damaging their DNA, preventing them from reproducing and leading to the death of the bacteria or parasite causing the infection.
Is Metronidazole effective?
Yes, metronidazole is generally very effective in treating infections caused by susceptible bacteria and parasites. It has been well-studied and is widely prescribed for various infections with proven success.
What is Metronidazole?
Metronidazole is an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by bacteria and certain parasites. It works by stopping the growth of these microbes. It is commonly used for conditions like bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and some gastrointestinal infections.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Metronidazole?
The duration of metronidazole use is typically between 5 and 14 days, depending on the type of infection. Follow the doctor's instructions and finish the entire course of treatment, even if you start feeling better.
How do I take Metronidazole?
Metronidazole should be taken orally with food to reduce stomach upset. Swallow it whole with a glass of water, and avoid drinking alcohol while on this medication due to the risk of severe reactions.
How long does it take for Metronidazole to start working?
Metronidazole usually starts working within a few days after starting treatment. You may begin to feel better within 48 hours, but it's important to complete the full prescribed course.
How should I store Metronidazole?
Store metronidazole at room temperature, away from excess moisture and heat. Keep it in its original packaging and out of reach of children.
What is the usual dose of Metronidazole?
For adults, metronidazole is typically given as 250-500 mg two or three times a day, depending on the condition being treated. The duration of treatment can range from 5 to 14 days, based on the infection.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Metronidazole with other prescription drugs?
Metronidazole may interact with certain medications like warfarin (blood thinners), lithium, and certain antifungal drugs. Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking to prevent harmful interactions.
Can Metronidazole be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Metronidazole is excreted in breast milk, and while it is usually safe for short-term use, consult your doctor to ensure safety for your baby, especially if you are breastfeeding.
Can Metronidazole be taken safely while pregnant?
Metronidazole is classified as pregnancy category B, meaning it is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but should only be used when absolutely necessary, especially in the first trimester. Consult a doctor for proper guidance.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Metronidazole?
No, drinking alcohol while taking metronidazole can cause severe reactions, including nausea, vomiting, and headache. It is strongly advised to avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after completing your course.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Metronidazole?
Exercising while on metronidazole is generally safe, but be mindful of any dizziness, fatigue, or stomach discomfort you may experience. Ensure proper hydration and take breaks as needed during physical activities.
Is Metronidazole safe for the elderly?
Metronidazole is generally safe for elderly patients, but it may require dose adjustments, particularly if there is liver or kidney dysfunction. It is essential to monitor for side effects, especially related to drug metabolism.
Who should avoid taking Metronidazole?
People who are allergic to metronidazole or have liver problems should avoid this medication. Pregnant women, especially in the first trimester, should consult their doctor before use.
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