Mercaptopurine
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ... show more
.svg)
Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Nucleoside Metabolic Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
mercaptopurine
Summary
Mercaptopurine is used to treat certain types of leukemia, which is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. It helps control the disease by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells. Often, it is used in combination with other therapies to enhance its effectiveness.
Mercaptopurine works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells. It belongs to a class of drugs called antimetabolites, which disrupt the DNA and RNA production in cells, acting like a roadblock to prevent cancer cells from multiplying.
The usual starting dose for adults is 1.5 to 2.5 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, taken as a single dose. The maximum recommended dose is typically 75 mg per day. It is usually taken once daily, preferably in the evening, with or without food.
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. These effects can vary in severity and may be mild to moderate. If symptoms persist or become severe, it is important to contact your doctor for advice.
Mercaptopurine can suppress bone marrow, leading to low blood cell counts, increasing the risk of infections and anemia. It should not be used if you have a known allergy to it or severe liver disease. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor your health.
Indications and Purpose
How does Mercaptopurine work?
Mercaptopurine works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells. It belongs to a class of drugs called antimetabolites, which disrupt the DNA and RNA production in cells. Think of it like a roadblock that prevents cancer cells from multiplying. By stopping the growth of these cells, Mercaptopurine helps control diseases like leukemia, which is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. This medication is often used in combination with other treatments to enhance its effectiveness.
Is Mercaptopurine effective?
Mercaptopurine is effective in treating certain types of leukemia, which is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. It works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells, helping to control the disease. Clinical studies support its effectiveness in improving health outcomes for patients with leukemia. Your doctor will monitor your response to the medication through regular blood tests and check-ups to ensure it's working effectively for your condition.
What is Mercaptopurine?
Mercaptopurine is a medication used to treat certain types of leukemia, which is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. It belongs to a class of drugs called antimetabolites, which work by interfering with the growth of cancer cells. Mercaptopurine helps control the disease by slowing or stopping the growth of these cells. It's often used in combination with other therapies to enhance its effectiveness. Your doctor will determine the best treatment plan for your specific condition.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Mercaptopurine?
Mercaptopurine is usually taken long-term for chronic conditions like leukemia, which is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. The duration of use depends on your response to treatment and any side effects you experience. Your doctor will determine how long you need to take Mercaptopurine based on your specific health needs. It's important to follow your doctor's instructions and not stop taking the medication without medical advice, as this could worsen your condition.
How do I dispose of Mercaptopurine?
Dispose of unused Mercaptopurine by taking it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If a take-back program isn't available, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, remove it from its original container, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and then throw it away.
How do I take Mercaptopurine?
Take Mercaptopurine exactly as your doctor prescribes. It's usually taken once daily, preferably in the evening. You can take it with or without food, but try to take it at the same time each day. Do not crush or chew the tablets. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's close to your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Avoid taking two doses at once. Follow any dietary or beverage restrictions your doctor advises while on this medication.
How long does it take for Mercaptopurine to start working?
Mercaptopurine starts working in your body shortly after you take it, but the full therapeutic effects may take several weeks to become noticeable. The time it takes to see results can vary based on individual factors like your overall health and the specific condition being treated. Regular blood tests and check-ups with your doctor will help monitor your response to the medication. It's important to take Mercaptopurine exactly as prescribed for the best results.
How should I store Mercaptopurine?
Store Mercaptopurine at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container to protect it from damage. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect the medication's effectiveness. If your pills came in packaging that isn't child-resistant, transfer them to a container that children can't easily open. Always store Mercaptopurine out of children's reach to prevent accidental swallowing. Check the expiration date regularly and dispose of any unused or expired medication properly.
What is the usual dose of Mercaptopurine?
The usual starting dose of Mercaptopurine for adults is 1.5 to 2.5 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, taken as a single dose. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and any side effects. The maximum recommended dose is typically 75 mg per day. For children or the elderly, dose adjustments may be necessary, and close monitoring is important. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Mercaptopurine with other prescription drugs?
Mercaptopurine can interact with several medications, increasing the risk of adverse effects. Allopurinol, which is used to treat gout, can increase Mercaptopurine's toxicity. Warfarin, a blood thinner, may have altered effects when taken with Mercaptopurine. Other immunosuppressants can also increase the risk of infections. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking to manage these interactions safely. Your doctor may adjust your treatment plan to minimize risks and ensure effective use of Mercaptopurine.
Can Mercaptopurine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Mercaptopurine is not recommended while breastfeeding. Limited information is available on whether it passes into human breast milk, but it may pose risks to the nursing infant. The medication could potentially affect the baby's developing immune system. If you're taking Mercaptopurine and wish to breastfeed, discuss safer alternatives with your doctor. Your healthcare provider can help you choose a treatment plan that allows you to nurse your baby safely.
Can Mercaptopurine be taken safely while pregnant?
Mercaptopurine is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to the unborn baby. Limited evidence suggests it may cause birth defects or other complications. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about the safest treatment options. Your doctor can help create a plan that protects both you and your baby. It's important to discuss all medications and health conditions with your healthcare provider during pregnancy.
Does Mercaptopurine have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Mercaptopurine include nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. These effects vary in frequency and severity. Serious side effects can include liver damage and bone marrow suppression, which is a decrease in blood cell production. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. Regular monitoring and communication with your healthcare provider are essential to manage any adverse effects and ensure safe use of Mercaptopurine.
Does Mercaptopurine have any safety warnings?
Yes, Mercaptopurine has important safety warnings. It can suppress bone marrow, which is where blood cells are made, leading to low blood cell counts. This increases the risk of infections, bleeding, and anemia, which is a condition where you don't have enough healthy red blood cells. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor your blood cell levels. Not following these safety warnings can lead to serious health issues. Always adhere to your doctor's instructions and report any unusual symptoms immediately.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Mercaptopurine?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Mercaptopurine. Alcohol can increase the risk of liver damage, which is a serious side effect of this medication. Drinking alcohol may also worsen other side effects like nausea or dizziness. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and watch for warning signs like jaundice, which is yellowing of the skin or eyes. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Mercaptopurine for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Mercaptopurine?
You can exercise while taking Mercaptopurine, but be cautious. This medication can cause fatigue and weakness, which might affect your exercise capacity. If you feel unusually tired or weak during physical activity, slow down or stop and rest. Stay hydrated and avoid strenuous activities if you're feeling unwell. Most people can maintain their regular exercise routine while taking Mercaptopurine, but check with your doctor if you have concerns about your specific situation.
Is it safe to stop Mercaptopurine?
Stopping Mercaptopurine suddenly can be risky. It's often used long-term for conditions like leukemia, which is a type of cancer affecting blood and bone marrow. Stopping without medical advice can worsen your condition. There are no specific withdrawal symptoms, but your disease may progress. Always talk with your doctor before stopping Mercaptopurine. They might suggest a gradual reduction or an alternative treatment to keep your condition under control. Your doctor will help you make any medication changes safely.
Is Mercaptopurine addictive?
Mercaptopurine is not addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. This medication works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells and does not affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for Mercaptopurine or feel compelled to take more than prescribed. If you have concerns about medication dependence, you can feel confident that Mercaptopurine doesn't carry this risk while managing your health condition.
Is Mercaptopurine safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may be more vulnerable to the side effects of Mercaptopurine, such as bone marrow suppression, which is a decrease in blood cell production. This can increase the risk of infections and anemia, which is a condition where you don't have enough healthy red blood cells. Close monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary for elderly patients. Always consult your doctor about the risks and benefits of Mercaptopurine if you are an older adult.
What are the most common side effects of Mercaptopurine?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Mercaptopurine include nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. These effects can vary from person to person. If you experience new symptoms after starting Mercaptopurine, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. It's important to talk with your doctor before stopping any medication. Your doctor can help determine if the side effects are related to Mercaptopurine and suggest ways to manage them.
Who should avoid taking Mercaptopurine?
Mercaptopurine should not be used if you have a known allergy to it or its ingredients. It's also contraindicated in patients with severe liver disease, which affects the organ that processes medications. Caution is needed if you have kidney problems, as the drug is processed by the kidneys. Always inform your doctor about your medical history and any other medications you're taking. Your doctor will weigh the benefits and risks before prescribing Mercaptopurine.
Forms / Brands
