Mefloquine
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Antimalarial
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Mefloquine
Summary
Mefloquine is used primarily to prevent and treat malaria, particularly in regions where malaria parasites are resistant to other antimalarial drugs. It is especially beneficial for travelers visiting Africa, Asia, and South America.
Mefloquine works by interfering with the growth of malaria parasites in red blood cells. It disrupts their metabolism and kills them, preventing the disease from spreading in the body.
For malaria prevention, adults usually take 250 mg (1 tablet) once a week, starting 1-2 weeks before travel and continuing for 4 weeks after returning. For malaria treatment, a single dose of 750 mg followed by 500 mg after 6-8 hours and then 250 mg after another 6-8 hours may be prescribed. Doses for children are based on weight and must be determined by a doctor.
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, dizziness, drowsiness, difficulty sleeping, and mood changes like anxiety and depression. Serious but rare side effects include hallucinations, seizures, and severe anxiety or paranoia.
People with a history of seizures, depression, anxiety, or other psychiatric disorders should not take Mefloquine as it can worsen these conditions. It is also not recommended for pregnant women in the first trimester unless no alternatives are available.
Indications and Purpose
How does Mefloquine work?
Mefloquine works by interfering with the growth of parasites in the red blood cells. It disrupts the parasites' ability to multiply and survive, effectively killing them. Think of it like cutting off the parasites' supply line, preventing them from thriving in your body. This action helps prevent and treat malaria, which is a disease caused by these parasites. Mefloquine is effective in areas where malaria is resistant to other medications, making it a valuable tool in malaria control.
Is Mefloquine effective?
Mefloquine is effective in preventing and treating malaria, which is a disease caused by parasites transmitted through mosquito bites. It works by killing the parasites in the blood. Clinical studies show that Mefloquine is effective in reducing the risk of malaria infection and treating active infections. It's important to take Mefloquine exactly as prescribed to achieve the best results. If you have concerns about its effectiveness, talk with your doctor. They can provide more information based on your specific health needs.
What is Mefloquine?
Mefloquine is a medication used to prevent and treat malaria, which is a disease caused by parasites transmitted through mosquito bites. It belongs to a class of drugs called antimalarials, which work by killing the parasites in the blood. Mefloquine is often used in areas where malaria is resistant to other medications. It's important to take Mefloquine exactly as prescribed to ensure its effectiveness. If you have questions about how Mefloquine works or its uses, talk with your doctor.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Mefloquine?
Mefloquine is usually taken for a short-term period to prevent or treat malaria. For prevention, you typically start taking it one to two weeks before entering a malaria area and continue for four weeks after leaving. For treatment, the duration depends on your doctor's instructions. Always follow your doctor's advice on how long to take Mefloquine. Stopping it early can lead to treatment failure or the return of symptoms. Consult your doctor for specific guidance based on your health needs.
How do I dispose of Mefloquine?
To dispose of Mefloquine, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. This ensures safe disposal without harming people or the environment. If a take-back program isn't available, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, remove it from its original container, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and then throw it away. Always keep medications out of reach of children and pets.
How do I take Mefloquine?
Take Mefloquine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. It's usually taken once a week, on the same day each week. You should take it with a full glass of water and with food to help prevent stomach upset. Do not crush or chew the tablets. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Never take two doses at once. Follow your doctor's advice on any dietary or beverage restrictions while taking Mefloquine.
How long does it take for Mefloquine to start working?
Mefloquine starts working within a few hours of taking it. For malaria prevention, it begins to protect you shortly after you start taking it, but it's important to continue taking it as prescribed for full protection. For treatment, you may notice an improvement in symptoms like fever and fatigue within a few days. The time it takes to achieve full therapeutic effect can vary based on individual factors like your health and the severity of the infection. Always follow your doctor's instructions for the best results.
How should I store Mefloquine?
Store Mefloquine at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in its original container with the lid tightly closed. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect the medication's effectiveness. Always keep Mefloquine out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication according to local guidelines or your pharmacist's advice.
What is the usual dose of Mefloquine?
The usual dose of Mefloquine for adults is 250 mg once a week. It's important to take it on the same day each week. For children, the dose is based on body weight, and your doctor will provide specific instructions. If you have liver problems or are elderly, your doctor may adjust your dose. Always follow your doctor's dosing instructions carefully. Do not change your dose without consulting your healthcare provider.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Mefloquine with other prescription drugs?
Mefloquine can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of side effects. For example, taking it with other drugs that affect the heart, like quinidine, can increase the risk of heart problems. Combining Mefloquine with certain antidepressants or antipsychotics can increase the risk of mental health side effects. Always inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions. They can help adjust your treatment plan to ensure it's safe and effective.
Can Mefloquine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Mefloquine is generally considered safe to use while breastfeeding. It is excreted into breast milk in small amounts, but no adverse effects have been reported in breastfed infants. However, it's important to monitor your baby for any unusual symptoms. If you have concerns about taking Mefloquine while breastfeeding, talk with your doctor. They can provide personalized advice and help you weigh the benefits and risks based on your specific situation.
Can Mefloquine be taken safely while pregnant?
The safety of Mefloquine during pregnancy is not well-established. Limited evidence suggests it may be used if the benefits outweigh the risks, especially in areas with high malaria risk. Animal studies have shown some adverse effects, but human data is limited. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about the safest options for malaria prevention or treatment. They can help create a plan that protects both you and your baby.
Does Mefloquine have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Mefloquine can cause several adverse effects, including dizziness, nausea, and sleep disturbances. These effects vary in frequency and severity. Serious adverse effects include mental health changes, such as anxiety or depression, and require immediate medical attention. If you experience any new or worsening symptoms while taking Mefloquine, contact your doctor. They can help determine if the medication is the cause and suggest appropriate actions to take.
Does Mefloquine have any safety warnings?
Yes, Mefloquine has important safety warnings. It can cause serious mental health side effects, such as anxiety, depression, or hallucinations, which are seeing or hearing things that aren't there. If you experience these symptoms, stop taking Mefloquine and seek medical help immediately. Mefloquine can also cause dizziness or balance problems, so be cautious when driving or operating machinery. Not following these warnings can lead to severe consequences, so always adhere to your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Mefloquine?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Mefloquine. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like dizziness and nausea. It may also worsen mental health side effects, such as anxiety or depression. If you choose to drink, limit your alcohol intake and watch for any warning signs like increased dizziness or mood changes. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Mefloquine to get personalized advice based on your health situation.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Mefloquine?
You can exercise while taking Mefloquine, but be cautious. This medication can cause dizziness or balance problems, which might affect your ability to exercise safely. If you feel dizzy or lightheaded, avoid strenuous activities or high-impact sports. Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated, especially during exercise. If you experience unusual symptoms during physical activity, slow down or stop and rest. Talk with your doctor if you have concerns about exercising while taking Mefloquine.
Is it safe to stop Mefloquine?
It's important to complete the full course of Mefloquine as prescribed by your doctor. Stopping it early can lead to treatment failure or the return of symptoms. If you experience severe side effects, contact your doctor immediately. They may suggest an alternative treatment or a gradual reduction in dose. Never stop taking Mefloquine without consulting your healthcare provider, as they can help ensure any changes to your medication are made safely.
Is Mefloquine addictive?
Mefloquine is not considered addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause physical or psychological dependence. This means you won't experience cravings or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. However, it's important to follow your doctor's instructions and not take more than prescribed. If you have concerns about medication dependence, discuss them with your healthcare provider. They can provide reassurance and guidance on using Mefloquine safely.
Is Mefloquine safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals may be more vulnerable to the side effects of Mefloquine, such as dizziness or mental health changes. These effects can be more pronounced in older adults. It's important for elderly patients to be closely monitored while taking Mefloquine. If you are elderly and taking this medication, report any unusual symptoms to your doctor promptly. They can help manage side effects and adjust your treatment plan as needed to ensure your safety.
What are the most common side effects of Mefloquine?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Mefloquine include nausea, dizziness, and sleep disturbances. These effects vary from person to person. If you notice new symptoms after starting Mefloquine, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. It's important to talk with your doctor before stopping any medication. They can help determine if the side effects are related to Mefloquine and suggest ways to manage them.
Who should avoid taking Mefloquine?
Mefloquine should not be used if you have a history of seizures, which are sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain, or certain mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. These are absolute contraindications due to severe risks. If you have liver problems or heart conditions, use Mefloquine with caution, as these are relative contraindications. Always inform your doctor about your medical history before starting Mefloquine to ensure it's safe for you.
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