Malathion
Lice Infestations
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Cholinesterase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Summary
Malathion is used to treat lice infestations, which are caused by small parasitic insects on the scalp. It helps eliminate lice and their eggs, providing relief from itching and irritation.
Malathion works by disrupting the nervous system of lice, which are small parasitic insects, leading to their death. It inhibits an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase, which is essential for nerve function in lice, causing paralysis and death.
Malathion is applied topically, which means directly to the skin. The usual dose is to apply it to dry hair and scalp, leave it on for 8-12 hours, then wash it out. A second application may be needed after 7-9 days if lice persist.
Common side effects of malathion include mild skin irritation or a burning sensation. These effects are usually temporary and mild. Serious adverse effects are rare but can include allergic reactions, which cause rash or difficulty breathing.
Malathion is flammable, so avoid open flames and smoking during use. Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes, which are moist tissues lining body cavities. Do not use if allergic to malathion or on broken skin. Not recommended for infants.
Indications and Purpose
How does malathion work?
Malathion works by disrupting the nervous system of lice, which are small parasitic insects, leading to their death. It inhibits an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase, which is essential for nerve function in lice. This causes a buildup of acetylcholine, which is a chemical that transmits nerve signals, leading to paralysis and death of the lice.
Is malathion effective?
Yes, malathion is effective for treating lice infestations. It works by killing lice and their eggs on the scalp. Clinical studies show that malathion significantly reduces lice infestations when used as directed. For best results, follow the application instructions carefully and use a fine-toothed comb to remove dead lice and eggs.
What is malathion?
Malathion is a medication used to treat lice infestations. It belongs to a class of drugs called organophosphates, which work by killing lice and their eggs on the scalp. Malathion is applied topically, which means directly to the skin, and is effective in reducing lice infestations when used as directed.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take malathion?
Malathion is used for short-term treatment of lice infestations. Apply it once and leave it on for 8-12 hours, then wash it out. If lice persist, a second application may be needed after 7-9 days. Always follow your doctor's instructions for the duration of use to ensure effective treatment.
How do I dispose of malathion?
To dispose of malathion, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. If unavailable, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and throw it away. This prevents harm to people and the environment.
How do I take malathion?
To use malathion, apply it to dry hair and scalp, covering all areas. Leave it on for 8-12 hours, then wash it out. Use a fine-toothed comb to remove lice and eggs. Do not swallow or inhale it. Avoid contact with eyes. If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you remember. Do not double the dose. Follow your doctor's instructions for safe use.
How long does it take for malathion to start working?
Malathion starts working immediately after application. It kills lice and their eggs on contact. You may notice a reduction in lice within hours. For full effectiveness, leave it on for 8-12 hours before washing it out. The time it takes to see complete results can vary based on individual factors.
How should I store malathion?
Store malathion at room temperature, away from heat and open flames, as it is flammable. Keep it in a tightly closed container to protect it from moisture and light. Don't store it in humid places like bathrooms. Always keep malathion out of children's reach to prevent accidental ingestion or exposure.
What is the usual dose of malathion?
The usual dose of malathion for treating lice is to apply it to dry hair and scalp, covering all areas. Leave it on for 8-12 hours, then wash it out. Use a fine-toothed comb to remove lice and eggs. Follow your doctor's instructions for safe use. Always consult your doctor for specific dosing instructions.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take malathion with other prescription drugs?
There are no major or moderate prescription drug interactions known for malathion. However, always inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking to ensure there are no potential interactions. This helps keep your treatment safe and effective.
Can malathion be taken safely while breastfeeding?
The safety of malathion while breastfeeding is not well-established. It's unclear if malathion passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before using it while breastfeeding. Your doctor can help weigh the benefits and risks and suggest safer alternatives if needed. Always follow your doctor's advice for the safest treatment while nursing.
Can malathion be taken safely while pregnant?
The safety of malathion during pregnancy is not well-established. Limited evidence is available, and it's best to consult your doctor before using it. Your doctor can help weigh the benefits and risks and suggest safer alternatives if needed. Always follow your doctor's advice for the safest treatment during pregnancy.
Does malathion have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. With malathion, some people may experience skin irritation or a burning sensation. These effects are usually mild. Serious adverse effects are rare but can include allergic reactions, which cause rash or difficulty breathing. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
Does malathion have any safety warnings?
Yes, malathion has safety warnings. It is flammable, so avoid open flames and smoking during use. Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes, which are moist tissues lining body cavities. If swallowed, seek medical help immediately. Use only as directed to avoid skin irritation. Not adhering to these warnings can lead to serious health risks.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking malathion?
There are no well-established interactions between malathion and alcohol. However, it's best to avoid alcohol while using malathion to prevent any potential side effects. Alcohol can cause dehydration, which might worsen any skin irritation from malathion. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation and monitor for any unusual symptoms.
Is it safe to exercise while taking malathion?
Yes, you can exercise while using malathion. There are no known side effects that limit exercise capacity. However, avoid activities that cause excessive sweating, which might wash off the medication. If you experience any skin irritation or unusual symptoms during exercise, stop and rest. Consult your doctor if you have concerns.
Is it safe to stop malathion?
Yes, it is safe to stop using malathion once the treatment is complete. Malathion is used for short-term treatment of lice infestations. Stopping it after the recommended duration won't cause withdrawal symptoms. However, if you stop before the treatment is complete, lice may not be fully eliminated. Always follow your doctor's instructions.
Is malathion addictive?
Malathion is not addictive or habit-forming. It doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop using it. Malathion works by killing lice and their eggs on the scalp. This mechanism doesn't affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to use more than prescribed.
Is malathion safe for the elderly?
Malathion is generally safe for the elderly, but they may be more sensitive to its effects. Older adults have thinner skin, which can increase absorption and risk of irritation. Always follow the application instructions carefully. Consult your doctor before using malathion to ensure it's safe for your specific health needs.
What are the most common side effects of malathion?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can happen when using a medication. With malathion, common side effects include mild skin irritation or a burning sensation. These effects are usually temporary. If you notice new symptoms after starting malathion, they might be unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking malathion?
Do not use malathion if you are allergic to it or its ingredients. Avoid using it on broken or irritated skin, which can increase absorption and cause irritation. Malathion is not recommended for infants or young children due to potential toxicity. Always consult your doctor before using malathion, especially if you have any medical conditions.
