Leflunomide
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Antirheumatic Agent
Controlled Drug Substance
No
leflunomide
Summary
Leflunomide is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, which is a condition causing joint pain and inflammation. It can also be used for psoriatic arthritis, which is a type of arthritis associated with psoriasis. It helps reduce symptoms and slow disease progression.
Leflunomide works by inhibiting an enzyme called dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, which is involved in the production of DNA and RNA in cells. This action reduces the proliferation of immune cells that cause inflammation, helping to reduce joint damage and improve symptoms.
The usual starting dose of Leflunomide for adults is 100 mg once daily for three days, followed by a maintenance dose of 20 mg once daily. It is taken orally, which means by mouth, and can be taken with or without food.
Common side effects of Leflunomide include diarrhea, nausea, and hair loss. These effects vary from person to person and may be temporary. If you notice new symptoms, talk with your doctor to determine if they are related to Leflunomide.
Leflunomide can cause liver damage, so regular liver function tests are necessary. It is not safe during pregnancy, as it can harm the baby. Avoid alcohol, which can increase liver damage risk. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any concerning symptoms promptly.
Indications and Purpose
How does Leflunomide work?
Leflunomide works by inhibiting an enzyme called dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, which is involved in the production of DNA and RNA in cells. This action reduces the proliferation of immune cells that cause inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Think of it like slowing down a factory's production line to reduce output. By decreasing immune cell activity, Leflunomide helps reduce inflammation and joint damage, improving symptoms and slowing disease progression.
Is Leflunomide effective?
Leflunomide is effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis, which is a condition causing joint inflammation and pain. It works by suppressing the immune system to reduce inflammation. Clinical studies show Leflunomide improves joint function and reduces symptoms in many patients. It may take several weeks to notice significant improvements. Regular monitoring by your doctor will help assess its effectiveness for your condition.
What is Leflunomide?
Leflunomide is a medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, which is a condition causing joint inflammation and pain. It belongs to a class of drugs called disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Leflunomide works by suppressing the immune system to reduce inflammation and slow disease progression. It can be used alone or with other therapies to manage symptoms and improve joint function. Always follow your doctor's instructions when taking Leflunomide.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Leflunomide?
Leflunomide is usually a long-term medication for managing chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. You'll typically take it every day as a lifelong treatment unless your doctor suggests otherwise. Stopping this medication without medical advice could cause your condition to worsen. How long you'll need this medication depends on your body's response, any side effects you experience, and changes in your overall health. Always talk with your doctor before changing or stopping your Leflunomide treatment.
How do I dispose of Leflunomide?
Dispose of Leflunomide by taking it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and then throw it away.
How do I take Leflunomide?
Take Leflunomide as prescribed by your doctor, usually once daily. You can take it with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush or chew it. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once. Avoid alcohol while on Leflunomide, as it can increase the risk of liver damage. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions regarding diet and fluid intake.
How long does it take for Leflunomide to start working?
Leflunomide may take several weeks to start working. You might notice some improvement in symptoms like joint pain and swelling within 4 to 6 weeks. However, it can take up to 6 months to achieve its full therapeutic effect. Individual factors like your overall health and response to the medication can affect how quickly you notice benefits. Take Leflunomide exactly as prescribed for the best results and communicate with your doctor about your progress.
How should I store Leflunomide?
Store Leflunomide tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep them in a tightly closed container to protect them from damage. Avoid storing them in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect their effectiveness. Always store Leflunomide out of children's reach to prevent accidental ingestion. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Leflunomide?
The usual starting dose of Leflunomide for adults is 100 mg once daily for three days, followed by a maintenance dose of 20 mg once daily. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and tolerance. The maximum recommended dose is 20 mg daily. Dose adjustments may be necessary for special populations, such as the elderly or those with liver issues. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Leflunomide with other prescription drugs?
Leflunomide can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of liver damage or reducing its effectiveness. For example, it can interact with methotrexate, increasing liver toxicity. Always inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions. Your doctor may adjust your treatment plan to ensure safety and effectiveness. Regular monitoring and communication with your healthcare provider are essential when taking Leflunomide with other medications.
Can Leflunomide be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Leflunomide is not recommended while breastfeeding. It's unclear if it passes into breast milk, but it may pose risks to the baby. If you're taking Leflunomide and want to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about safer medication options. They can help you choose a treatment plan that allows you to nurse your baby safely. Always discuss breastfeeding plans with your healthcare provider before starting Leflunomide.
Can Leflunomide be taken safely while pregnant?
Leflunomide is not safe during pregnancy. It can harm the developing baby, causing birth defects. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about safer alternatives. If you become pregnant while taking Leflunomide, contact your doctor immediately. They may recommend a procedure to remove the drug from your body to reduce risks to the baby. Always discuss pregnancy plans with your healthcare provider before starting Leflunomide.
Does Leflunomide have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Leflunomide can cause side effects like diarrhea, nausea, and liver issues. These effects vary in frequency and severity. Serious side effects include liver damage and severe infections. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. Regular monitoring and communication with your healthcare provider can help manage and mitigate adverse effects.
Does Leflunomide have any safety warnings?
Yes, Leflunomide has important safety warnings. It can cause liver damage, so regular liver function tests are necessary. Leflunomide can also suppress the immune system, increasing infection risk. If you experience symptoms like nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, or jaundice, seek medical help immediately. Not adhering to these warnings can lead to serious health issues. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any concerning symptoms promptly.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Leflunomide?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Leflunomide. Alcohol can increase the risk of liver damage, which is a serious side effect of Leflunomide. Drinking alcohol can also worsen other side effects like nausea. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and watch for warning signs like jaundice or stomach pain. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Leflunomide for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Leflunomide?
You can exercise while taking Leflunomide, but be cautious. This medication can cause fatigue and dizziness, which might affect your exercise capacity. Start with light activities and gradually increase intensity as tolerated. Stay hydrated and listen to your body. If you feel dizzy or unusually tired, stop exercising and rest. Most people can maintain their regular exercise routine while taking Leflunomide, but consult your doctor if you have concerns.
Is it safe to stop Leflunomide?
Stopping Leflunomide suddenly can cause your condition to worsen. It's used long-term for chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Stopping without medical advice can lead to a flare-up of symptoms. Always talk with your doctor before stopping Leflunomide. They might suggest gradually reducing your dose or switching to a different medication to keep your condition under control. Your doctor will help you make any medication changes safely.
Is Leflunomide addictive?
Leflunomide is not addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Leflunomide works by affecting the immune system to reduce inflammation, which doesn't lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings or feel compelled to take more than prescribed. If you have concerns about medication dependence, Leflunomide doesn't carry this risk while managing your health condition.
Is Leflunomide safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals are more vulnerable to the side effects of Leflunomide, such as liver damage and infections. They may also have other health conditions that increase risks. Leflunomide can be used in the elderly, but with caution. Regular monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary. Always consult your doctor about the risks and benefits of Leflunomide if you are elderly or caring for an elderly person.
What are the most common side effects of Leflunomide?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Leflunomide include diarrhea, nausea, and hair loss. These effects vary from person to person. If you notice new symptoms after starting Leflunomide, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication. Your doctor can help determine if the symptoms are related to Leflunomide and suggest ways to manage them.
Who should avoid taking Leflunomide?
Leflunomide should not be used if you have severe liver disease or are pregnant, as it can harm the baby. These are absolute contraindications. Relative contraindications include having a history of liver problems or being at risk for infections. In these cases, Leflunomide may be used only if the benefits outweigh the risks. Always consult your doctor about your medical history before starting Leflunomide.
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