Ibuprofen
Juvenile Arthritis, Postoperative Pain ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Ibuprofen
Summary
Ibuprofen is used to treat various conditions such as headaches, muscle pain, toothaches, menstrual cramps, minor injuries, arthritis, tendonitis, and other inflammatory conditions. It's also used to reduce fever caused by infections or other conditions.
Ibuprofen works by inhibiting enzymes called cyclooxygenase (COX) which are responsible for producing chemicals called prostaglandins that cause inflammation, pain, and fever. By blocking these enzymes, ibuprofen reduces these symptoms.
For adults, the usual dosage of ibuprofen is 200 to 400 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed. The maximum daily dose is 1200 mg for over-the-counter use and up to 2400 mg for prescription use. It's taken orally, ideally with food or milk to reduce stomach irritation.
Common side effects of ibuprofen include stomach upset, nausea, dizziness, and headache. More serious effects can include gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, kidney damage, and increased risk of heart attack or stroke with long-term use. Allergic reactions such as skin rashes or swelling are also possible.
Ibuprofen should not be used by individuals with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, severe kidney or liver disease, or heart conditions such as heart failure. It's also not recommended for pregnant individuals, especially in the third trimester. Caution is advised for people with high blood pressure, asthma, or a history of allergic reactions to NSAIDs.
Indications and Purpose
How does Ibuprofen work?
Ibuprofen works by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which reduces the production of prostaglandins, substances that cause pain, inflammation, and fever. This action helps relieve symptoms associated with various conditions.
Is Ibuprofen effective?
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that effectively relieves pain, reduces inflammation, and lowers fever by inhibiting the production of substances in the body that cause these symptoms. It is widely used for conditions like arthritis, headaches, and menstrual pain.
What is Ibuprofen?
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever. It works by inhibiting the body's production of substances that cause pain and inflammation. Common uses include treating arthritis, headaches, and menstrual pain.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Ibuprofen?
Ibuprofen is typically used for short-term relief of pain and inflammation. For pain, it should not be used for more than 10 days unless directed by a doctor. For fever, it should not be used for more than 3 days. Always follow your doctor's instructions for duration of use.
How do I dispose of Ibuprofen?
If you can, bring unused medicines to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of this medicine properly so they don't harm people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw most medicines in the trash at home. But first, take them out of their original containers, mix them with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag and throw it away.
How do I take Ibuprofen?
Ibuprofen can be taken with food or milk to prevent stomach upset. Follow the directions on the package or prescription label carefully, and do not take more or less than directed. There are no specific food restrictions, but avoid alcohol to reduce the risk of stomach bleeding.
How long does it take for Ibuprofen to start working?
Ibuprofen typically starts working within 30 minutes to an hour after taking it. However, the full effect may take longer depending on the condition being treated.
How should I store Ibuprofen?
Store ibuprofen in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature, away from excess heat and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children and dispose of unneeded medication through a take-back program.
What is the usual dose of Ibuprofen?
For adults, the usual dose of ibuprofen is one tablet up to three times a day as needed, with no more than three tablets in a 24-hour period. For children, the dose is based on weight and age, and it's important to follow the dosing chart provided on the medication packaging or consult a doctor. Children should not take more than four doses in 24 hours.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Ibuprofen be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Ibuprofen is generally considered safe to use while breastfeeding, as it appears in breast milk in very low concentrations. However, it's always best to consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Can Ibuprofen be taken safely while pregnant?
Ibuprofen should be avoided during pregnancy, especially after 20 weeks, as it may harm the fetus and cause complications during delivery. Consult your doctor for alternatives and personalized advice if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Can I take Ibuprofen with other prescription drugs?
Significant drug interactions with ibuprofen include anticoagulants, other NSAIDs, oral steroids, SSRIs, and SNRIs. These can increase the risk of bleeding or other side effects. Always inform your doctor of all medications you are taking.
Does Ibuprofen have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted or harmful effects caused by a medicine. For ibuprofen, common adverse effects include stomach upset, heartburn, and nausea. Serious but rare adverse effects can include stomach bleeding, kidney problems, and severe allergic reactions. If you experience symptoms like severe stomach pain, difficulty breathing, or swelling, seek medical attention immediately. Always report new symptoms to your healthcare provider and consult them before stopping any medication.
Does Ibuprofen have any safety warnings?
Ibuprofen has several safety warnings. It can increase the risk of heart attack or stroke, especially with long-term use or in people with heart disease. It may cause stomach bleeding, particularly in older adults or those with a history of ulcers. Symptoms to watch for include chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness, slurred speech, or black stools. If you experience any of these, seek medical help immediately. Always use the lowest effective dose for the shortest time possible and consult a healthcare provider if you have concerns.
Is Ibuprofen addictive?
Ibuprofen is not addictive and has no known potential for dependence or addiction. It does not cause physical or psychological dependence, so there are no specific behaviors or warning signs to watch for. To use ibuprofen safely, follow the recommended dosage and duration guidelines, and consult a healthcare provider if you have any concerns about its use.
Is Ibuprofen safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals may have an increased risk of adverse reactions to ibuprofen, especially gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation. It's important to use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration necessary and consult a doctor for personalized advice.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Ibuprofen?
Drinking alcohol while taking ibuprofen can increase the risk of stomach bleeding and other gastrointestinal issues. It's advisable to limit alcohol consumption to reduce these risks. If you have concerns, consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Ibuprofen?
Ibuprofen does not typically limit the ability to exercise. However, if you experience any side effects such as dizziness or shortness of breath, it may be best to avoid strenuous activities and consult your doctor.
Is it safe to stop Ibuprofen?
Ibuprofen is typically used for temporary relief of pain or inflammation, not for long-term management of chronic conditions. Stopping it suddenly is generally safe, as it does not cause withdrawal symptoms. However, if you are using it for ongoing pain management, stopping it might result in the return of pain or inflammation. It's always a good idea to consult with a doctor before stopping any medication to ensure it's safe and appropriate for your situation.
What are the most common side effects of Ibuprofen?
A side effect is an unwanted effect of a medicine. Common side effects of ibuprofen include stomach upset, heartburn, nausea, dizziness, and headache. These effects are usually mild and temporary. It's important to note that new symptoms can occur when starting any medicine, and they may not be related to the medicine itself. Always talk to a healthcare provider before stopping any medication to ensure it's safe to do so.
Who should avoid taking Ibuprofen?
Important warnings for ibuprofen include the risk of heart attack, stroke, and gastrointestinal bleeding. It should not be used by individuals with a history of heart disease, recent heart surgery, or gastrointestinal issues without consulting a doctor. Always follow the prescribed dosage and duration.
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