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Etoposide

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Drug Status

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Government Approvals

US(FDA), UK(BNF)

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WHO Essential Medicine

YES

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Known Teratogen

Definite

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Pharmaceutical Class

Topoisomerase Inhibitor

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Controlled Drug Substance

NO

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Drug Ingredient

Etoposide

Summary

  • Etoposide is primarily used for treating conditions like Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), testicular cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, ovarian cancer, and other solid tumors.

  • Etoposide works by blocking an enzyme called topoisomerase II, which is crucial for cancer cell division. By inhibiting this enzyme, the drug prevents cancer cells from growing and spreading.

  • The typical adult oral dose ranges from 50 mg to 200 mg per day for several days in a cycle, usually repeated every 3 to 4 weeks. The exact dosage is determined by the doctor based on the type of cancer, body surface area, and the patient's medical condition.

  • Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, hair loss, fatigue, low blood cell counts leading to increased infection risk, and mouth sores. Serious risks include bone marrow suppression, leading to anemia, infections, or bleeding issues.

  • Etoposide should not be used by pregnant or breastfeeding women, people with severe liver or kidney disease, or patients with very low blood cell counts.

Indications and Purpose

How does Etoposide work?

Etoposide blocks an enzyme called topoisomerase II, which is needed for cancer cell division. By stopping this enzyme, the drug prevents cancer cells from growing and spreading.

 

How does one know if Etoposide is working?

Doctors monitor the effectiveness using blood tests, imaging scans (CT, MRI), and physical exams. If the tumor shrinks and blood counts improve, the medicine is working.

 

Is Etoposide effective?

Yes, etoposide has been proven effective in treating lung cancer, testicular cancer, and leukemia when used alone or in combination with other chemotherapy drugs.

 

What is Etoposide?

Etoposide is a chemotherapy drug used to treat various cancers, including lung cancer, testicular cancer, and some types of leukemia and lymphoma. It works by stopping cancer cells from dividing and multiplying. The oral form is available as etoposide capsules, which are usually prescribed for long-term treatment or maintenance therapy.

 

Directions for Use

For how long do I take Etoposide?

Etoposide is given in treatment cycles, typically lasting a few months. The duration depends on the type and stage of cancer and the patient’s response. Your doctor will determine how many cycles you need.

 

How do I take Etoposide?

Take etoposide on an empty stomach (one hour before or two hours after a meal) with a full glass of water. Swallow the capsules whole; do not chew, crush, or open them. Taking the medication at the same time each day helps maintain consistent blood levels.

 

How long does it take for Etoposide to start working?

Etoposide starts affecting cancer cells within hours to days, but visible results (such as tumor shrinkage) may take weeks or months, depending on the type of cancer.

 

How should I store Etoposide?

  • Store at room temperature (20-25°C)
  • Keep away from moisture and heat
  • Keep out of reach of children

 

What is the usual dose of Etoposide?

The dose depends on the type of cancer, body surface area, and the patient’s medical condition. The usual adult oral dose ranges from 50 mg to 200 mg per day for several days in a cycle. The treatment cycle is usually repeated every 3 to 4 weeks. A doctor determines the exact dosage.

 

Warnings and Precautions

Can Etoposide be taken safely while breastfeeding?

No, etoposide passes into breast milk and may harm the baby. Women should avoid breastfeeding while on this medication.

 

Can Etoposide be taken safely while pregnant?

No, etoposide can harm an unborn baby. Women should use effective contraception during treatment.

 

Can I take Etoposide with other prescription drugs?

Etoposide interacts with:

  • Blood thinners (increased bleeding risk)
  • Antifungal medications
  • Certain antibioticsInform your doctor about all medications you are taking.

 

Is Etoposide safe for the elderly?

Yes, but elderly patients may require dose adjustments due to potential kidney or liver issues.

 

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Etoposide?

Drinking alcohol while taking etoposide is not recommended, as it can worsen side effects like nausea, dizziness, and liver toxicity. Alcohol may also weaken your immune system and interfere with your body's ability to recover from treatment. If you want to drink occasionally, consult your doctor to understand the potential risks based on your health condition.

 

Is it safe to exercise while taking Etoposide?

Light exercise, such as walking or stretching, is usually safe and can help reduce fatigue and improve mood. However, avoid strenuous activities if you feel weak, dizzy, or have low blood counts. Listen to your body and rest when needed. Your doctor can help you determine a safe exercise routine based on your treatment plan and overall health.

Who should avoid taking Etoposide?

  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women
  • People with severe liver or kidney disease
  • Patients with very low blood cell counts