Ethinyl-estradiol + Norgestrel
Prostatic Neoplasms , Premature Menopause ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Estrogen
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Summary
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel are primarily used as birth control to prevent pregnancy. They also help regulate menstrual cycles, reduce menstrual cramps, and manage symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome, which is a hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts. Together, they provide effective contraception and can alleviate menstrual-related symptoms.
Ethinyl estradiol, a synthetic estrogen, regulates the menstrual cycle and prevents ovulation, which is the release of an egg from the ovary. Norgestrel, a synthetic progestin, also prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach an egg. Together, they stop ovulation and create a barrier to fertilization, providing effective contraception.
The usual adult dose is one tablet taken orally at the same time each day. Ethinyl estradiol is typically 0.03 mg, and norgestrel is 0.3 mg per tablet. Consistent daily intake is crucial to maintain hormone levels and ensure effectiveness. The medication is taken in a 28-day cycle, with 21 active pills and 7 inactive pills.
Common side effects include nausea, headaches, and breast tenderness. Ethinyl estradiol may cause changes in menstrual flow, while norgestrel can lead to mood changes. Serious side effects, though rare, include an increased risk of blood clots, which can lead to conditions like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel increase the risk of blood clots, especially in smokers and women over 35. They are contraindicated in individuals with a history of blood clots, certain cancers, or liver disease. These medications should not be used during pregnancy. Users should monitor for symptoms like leg pain or shortness of breath, indicating serious side effects.
Indications and Purpose
How does combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel work?
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel work together to prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation, which is the release of an egg from the ovary. Ethinyl estradiol, which is a synthetic estrogen, helps regulate the menstrual cycle and stabilize the uterine lining. Norgestrel, which is a synthetic progestin, thickens the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach an egg. Both substances alter the uterine lining, making it less suitable for a fertilized egg to implant. Together, they provide effective contraception by preventing ovulation and creating a hostile environment for fertilization.
How does combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel work?
The combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel is used as a form of birth control. Ethinyl Estradiol is a synthetic version of estrogen, a female hormone, while Norgestrel is a synthetic form of progesterone, another female hormone. Together, they work to prevent pregnancy by stopping the release of an egg from the ovary (ovulation). They also thicken the mucus in the cervix, making it difficult for sperm to enter the uterus, and alter the lining of the uterus to prevent attachment of a fertilized egg. This combination is taken in pill form and is commonly referred to as an oral contraceptive.
How effective is combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel?
Evidence for the effectiveness of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel comes from clinical studies showing a high success rate in preventing pregnancy. Ethinyl estradiol, which regulates menstrual cycles and reduces ovulation, and norgestrel, which prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus, work together to provide effective contraception. Studies demonstrate that when taken as directed, this combination significantly reduces the likelihood of pregnancy. The shared action of preventing ovulation and altering the uterine lining further supports their effectiveness as a contraceptive method.
How effective is combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel?
The combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel is a type of oral contraceptive, commonly known as 'the pill,' which is used to prevent pregnancy. According to the NHS, when taken correctly, it is over 99% effective. This means that fewer than 1 in 100 women will get pregnant each year if they use the pill correctly. Ethinyl Estradiol is a synthetic form of estrogen, and Norgestrel is a synthetic form of progesterone. Together, they work by preventing ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovaries), thickening the mucus in the cervix to make it harder for sperm to enter the uterus, and thinning the lining of the uterus to prevent a fertilized egg from implanting. It's important to take the pill at the same time every day for maximum effectiveness.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel?
The usual adult daily dose of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel is one tablet taken orally at the same time each day. Ethinyl estradiol is typically present in a dose of 0.03 mg, while norgestrel is usually 0.3 mg per tablet. Both substances are combined in a single pill to provide effective contraception. Consistent daily intake is crucial to maintain hormone levels and ensure the effectiveness of the medication. Users should follow the prescribed schedule without missing doses to prevent unintended pregnancy.
What is the usual dose of combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel?
The usual dose of the combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel is typically one tablet taken once daily. Each tablet usually contains 0.03 mg of Ethinyl Estradiol and 0.3 mg of Norgestrel. It's important to take the tablet at the same time every day to maintain its effectiveness. This combination is used as a contraceptive to prevent pregnancy. Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the information leaflet that comes with the medication.
How does one take combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel?
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel can be taken with or without food, but taking them with food may help reduce nausea, which is a common side effect. There are no specific food restrictions associated with these medications. However, users should take the pill at the same time every day to maintain consistent hormone levels. It's important to follow the prescribed schedule and not miss doses to ensure the effectiveness of the contraceptive.
How does one take combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel?
The combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel is typically taken as an oral contraceptive, commonly known as a birth control pill. According to the NHS, you should take one pill at the same time every day, following the order on the pack. It's important to not miss any doses to maintain its effectiveness in preventing pregnancy. The pack usually contains 21 active pills, which you take daily for 21 days, followed by a 7-day break during which you do not take any pills. During this break, you may have a withdrawal bleed, similar to a period. After the 7-day break, you start a new pack. If you miss a pill, the NHS advises taking it as soon as you remember and then taking the next pill at your usual time, even if it means taking two pills in one day. However, if you miss more than one pill, you may need to use additional contraception, like condoms, for the next 7 days. Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the leaflet that comes with your medication, as there may be variations in how different products are used.
For how long is combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel taken?
The typical duration of use for ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel is continuous, as long as contraception is desired. Users take the medication daily, following a 28-day cycle, which includes 21 active pills and 7 inactive pills. Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel are used together to provide ongoing birth control. The duration can be adjusted based on individual health needs and lifestyle, but it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before making any changes to the regimen.
For how long is combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel taken?
The combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel is typically taken in a cycle of 28 days. You take one active pill daily for 21 days, followed by 7 days of inactive pills or no pills, during which you may have a menstrual period. This cycle is then repeated each month. It's important to follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the medication guide.
How long does it take for combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel to work?
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel, which are used together as a form of birth control, typically start working within 7 days if taken as directed. Ethinyl estradiol, which is a synthetic form of estrogen, helps regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent ovulation, which is the release of an egg from the ovary. Norgestrel, which is a type of progestin, also prevents ovulation and thickens the cervical mucus, which makes it harder for sperm to reach an egg. Together, these actions help prevent pregnancy.
How long does it take for combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel to work?
The combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel, which is a type of birth control pill, typically starts to work within 7 days if you start taking it on the first day of your menstrual cycle. If you start taking it at any other time, it may take up to 7 days to become effective, so it's recommended to use an additional form of contraception, like condoms, during this initial period. This information is based on guidance from trusted sources like the NHS and DailyMeds.
Warnings and Precautions
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel?
Common side effects of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel include nausea, headaches, and breast tenderness. Ethinyl estradiol may cause changes in menstrual flow, while norgestrel can lead to mood changes. Significant adverse effects, though rare, include an increased risk of blood clots, which can lead to serious conditions like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Both substances share the potential for causing these serious side effects, especially in smokers or women over 35. Monitoring for any unusual symptoms is important while using this medication.
Are there harms and risks from taking combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel?
Yes, there are potential harms and risks associated with taking a combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel, which are hormones used in some birth control pills. According to the NHS, common side effects can include nausea, headaches, mood changes, and breast tenderness. More serious risks, although less common, include an increased risk of blood clots, which can lead to conditions like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). The NLM also notes that these medications can increase blood pressure and may not be suitable for women with certain health conditions, such as a history of heart disease or stroke. It's important to discuss your medical history with a healthcare provider to determine if this medication is safe for you.
Can I take combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel with other prescription drugs?
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel can interact with several prescription drugs, reducing their effectiveness. Antibiotics like rifampin and anticonvulsants such as phenytoin can decrease the contraceptive's effectiveness. Antiretroviral drugs used for HIV treatment may also interact with these contraceptives. Both ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel share the potential for interactions with medications that induce liver enzymes, which can lead to reduced hormone levels. Users should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking to manage potential interactions effectively.
Can I take combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel with other prescription drugs?
When taking a combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel, it's important to be aware of potential interactions with other prescription drugs. According to the NHS, some medications can affect how well Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel work, or they may increase the risk of side effects. For example, certain antibiotics, anti-seizure medications, and herbal supplements like St. John's Wort can reduce the effectiveness of these contraceptives. The NLM also notes that drugs affecting liver enzymes, such as some anti-seizure medications, can decrease the effectiveness of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel. It's crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to ensure safe and effective use of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting or stopping any medication to avoid potential interactions.
Can I take combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel if I am pregnant?
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel are not safe for use during pregnancy. These medications are designed to prevent pregnancy and should be discontinued if pregnancy is confirmed. Ethinyl estradiol, which is a synthetic estrogen, and norgestrel, which is a synthetic progestin, can potentially harm a developing fetus. If a user becomes pregnant while taking these medications, they should contact their healthcare provider immediately to discuss the next steps. Both substances share the common attribute of being contraindicated during pregnancy.
Can I take combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel if I am pregnant?
No, you should not take a combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel if you are pregnant. These are hormones used in birth control pills to prevent pregnancy, and taking them during pregnancy is not recommended. If you are pregnant or think you might be, consult your healthcare provider for advice. [NHS](https://www.nhs.uk/) and [NLM](https://www.nlm.nih.gov/) provide more information on this topic.
Can I take combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel while breastfeeding?
Ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel may affect milk production and are generally not recommended during breastfeeding. Ethinyl estradiol, which is a synthetic estrogen, can reduce the quantity and quality of breast milk. Norgestrel, which is a synthetic progestin, is considered safer but still may have some impact on milk supply. Both substances can pass into breast milk in small amounts, potentially affecting the nursing infant. It's important for breastfeeding mothers to consult with their healthcare provider to discuss alternative contraceptive options.
Can I take combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel while breastfeeding?
According to the NHS, it is generally advised to avoid taking combined hormonal contraceptives, like those containing Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel, while breastfeeding, especially in the first six weeks after birth. This is because these hormones can potentially reduce milk supply. If you need contraception while breastfeeding, it's best to discuss options with your healthcare provider, who may recommend alternatives that are more suitable during this period.
Who should avoid taking combination of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel?
Important warnings for ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel include an increased risk of blood clots, especially in smokers and women over 35. Ethinyl estradiol, which is a synthetic estrogen, and norgestrel, which is a synthetic progestin, are contraindicated in individuals with a history of blood clots, certain cancers, or liver disease. Both substances should not be used during pregnancy. Users should be aware of symptoms like leg pain or shortness of breath, which could indicate a serious side effect. Regular medical check-ups are advised to monitor health while using these medications.
Who should avoid taking combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel?
People who should avoid taking the combination of Ethinyl Estradiol and Norgestrel include those who have a history of blood clots, certain types of cancers (like breast or uterine cancer), liver disease, or unexplained vaginal bleeding. Additionally, individuals who are pregnant or have had a stroke or heart attack should not use this medication. It's also important for smokers over the age of 35 to avoid this combination due to increased risk of serious cardiovascular events. Always consult with a healthcare provider to ensure it's safe for your specific health conditions.
