Escitalopram
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Escitalopram
Summary
Escitalopram is an antidepressant medication that is used to treat conditions like major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. It helps to alleviate symptoms like persistent sadness, worry, and fear.
Escitalopram belongs to the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It works by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, which helps to improve mood and emotional balance. It prevents the reuptake of serotonin into nerve cells, allowing more to be available for communication.
For adults, the usual starting dose of Escitalopram is 10 mg per day, which can be increased to a maximum of 20 mg daily. The dosage may vary for anxiety disorders or other specific conditions, based on the doctor's guidance.
Common side effects of Escitalopram include nausea, insomnia, dry mouth, dizziness, and sexual dysfunction. It may also cause changes in appetite leading to weight loss or gain, mood swings, and difficulty concentrating. Serious risks include suicidal thoughts especially in young adults or during early treatment.
People with a history of allergic reactions to Escitalopram, other SSRIs, or MAO inhibitors should avoid it. It's also not suitable for individuals with untreated narrow-angle glaucoma or a history of severe liver or kidney issues. It is advised to limit or avoid alcohol while taking Escitalopram as it can increase side effects such as drowsiness and dizziness.
Indications and Purpose
How does Escitalopram work?
Escitalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that works by increasing the amount of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate mood, and by preventing its reuptake, Escitalopram enhances mood stability and reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety.
How does one know if Escitalopram is working?
The benefit of Escitalopram is evaluated through regular follow-up appointments with your doctor, who will assess your symptoms and overall mental health. They may adjust your dosage based on your response to the medication and any side effects you experience. It's important to communicate openly with your doctor about your progress.
Is Escitalopram effective?
Escitalopram has been shown to be effective in treating major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder in both adults and adolescents. Clinical trials have demonstrated significant improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms compared to placebo, supporting its use as an effective treatment option.
What is Escitalopram?
Escitalopram is commonly used to treat major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin, a natural substance in the brain that helps maintain mental balance. By inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, Escitalopram enhances mood and reduces anxiety.
What is Escitalopram used for?
Escitalopram is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder in adults and adolescents aged 12 years and older. It is also used to treat social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Escitalopram?
The duration of Escitalopram use varies depending on the condition being treated. For depression, treatment typically lasts for at least 6 months after symptoms improve to prevent relapse. For anxiety disorders, treatment may continue for several months to ensure symptoms are well-managed. Always follow your doctor's guidance on the duration of treatment.
How do I dispose of Escitalopram?
If you can, bring unused medicines to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of this medicine properly so they don't harm people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw most medicines in the trash at home. But first, take them out of their original containers, mix them with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag and throw it away.
How do I take Escitalopram?
Escitalopram can be taken with or without food, usually once a day, either in the morning or evening. There are no specific food restrictions while taking Escitalopram, but it's important to follow your doctor's instructions and maintain a balanced diet to support overall health.
How long does it take for Escitalopram to start working?
Escitalopram may take 1 to 4 weeks or longer to start showing its full benefits. Some symptoms may improve within the first week, but it's important to continue taking the medication as prescribed and attend follow-up appointments to monitor progress.
How should I store Escitalopram?
Store Escitalopram at room temperature, between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C), away from excess heat and moisture. Keep it in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Do not store it in the bathroom to avoid exposure to humidity.
What is the usual dose of Escitalopram?
For adults, the usual starting dose of Escitalopram is 10 mg once daily, which can be increased to a maximum of 20 mg daily based on clinical response and tolerability. For children aged 12 years and older, the starting dose is also 10 mg once daily, with the possibility of increasing to 20 mg daily after 3 weeks if needed.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Escitalopram be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Escitalopram passes into breast milk and may affect the nursing infant. If you are breastfeeding, discuss the potential risks and benefits with your doctor. They may recommend monitoring the infant for signs of sedation, poor feeding, or weight gain issues.
Can Escitalopram be taken safely while pregnant?
Escitalopram should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits justify the risks. There is a risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn if taken in the third trimester. Discuss with your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant while on Escitalopram.
Can I take Escitalopram with other prescription drugs?
Significant drug interactions with Escitalopram include MAOIs, which can cause serotonin syndrome, and medications that prolong the QT interval, increasing the risk of heart issues. Other interactions include serotonergic drugs, NSAIDs, and anticoagulants, which can increase bleeding risk. Always inform your doctor of all medications you are taking.
Can I take Escitalopram with vitamins or supplements?
There are no confirmed interactions between Escitalopram and vitamins or supplements. However, St. John's Wort, an herbal supplement, may interact with Escitalopram, increasing the risk of serotonin syndrome, which is a potentially serious condition. It's important to inform your healthcare provider about all supplements and medications you are taking to avoid any potential interactions.
Does Escitalopram have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted or harmful effects caused by a medicine. For Escitalopram, common adverse effects include nausea, insomnia, fatigue, dry mouth, and dizziness. Serious but rare effects that need immediate medical attention include severe allergic reactions, seizures, or thoughts of self-harm. It's important to report any new or worsening symptoms to a healthcare provider and not stop the medication without their guidance.
Does Escitalopram have any safety warnings?
Escitalopram comes with safety warnings, including the risk of increased suicidal thoughts, especially in young adults. This is because it can initially increase energy before mood improves, leading to impulsive actions. Monitor for signs like mood changes, agitation, or unusual behavior. Another warning is the risk of serotonin syndrome, which is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by too much serotonin. Symptoms include confusion, rapid heart rate, and muscle stiffness. Seek immediate medical attention if these occur.
Is Escitalopram addictive?
Escitalopram is not considered addictive and does not have habit-forming potential. It does not cause physical or psychological dependence. However, it's important to take it as prescribed and not to stop it abruptly without consulting a healthcare provider, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Always follow your doctor's instructions to ensure safe use.
Is Escitalopram safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the effects of Escitalopram, particularly the risk of hyponatremia (low sodium levels). The recommended dose for elderly patients is 10 mg daily. Regular monitoring of sodium levels and overall health is advised to ensure safe use.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Escitalopram?
Drinking alcohol while taking Escitalopram is not recommended. Alcohol can increase the drowsiness and dizziness caused by Escitalopram, potentially impairing your ability to perform tasks that require alertness, such as driving. It may also exacerbate the side effects of the medication, so it's best to avoid alcohol during treatment.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Escitalopram?
Escitalopram does not inherently limit the ability to exercise. However, side effects like fatigue, dizziness, or drowsiness may affect your energy levels and coordination. If you experience these symptoms, it might be wise to avoid strenuous activities until you feel more stable. Consult your doctor if these side effects interfere with your exercise routine.
Is it safe to stop Escitalopram?
Escitalopram is often used for long-term management of conditions like depression and anxiety. Stopping it suddenly can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as dizziness, irritability, and flu-like symptoms. There are no life-threatening risks, but symptoms can be uncomfortable. It's crucial to consult a doctor before stopping, as they can guide you on how to taper off the medication safely.
What are the most common side effects of Escitalopram?
A side effect is an unwanted effect of a medicine. Common side effects of Escitalopram include nausea, insomnia, fatigue, dry mouth, and dizziness. These effects are often mild and may go away as your body adjusts. It's important to note that new symptoms can occur when starting any medication and may not be related to the medicine itself. Always talk to your healthcare provider before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Escitalopram?
Important warnings for Escitalopram include the risk of suicidal thoughts in young adults, serotonin syndrome, and interactions with MAOIs. It is contraindicated in patients with known QT interval prolongation and those taking medications that prolong the QT interval. Always consult your doctor before starting or stopping Escitalopram.
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