Enzalutamide
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Androgen Receptor Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Enzalutamide
Summary
Enzalutamide is used to treat advanced or metastatic prostate cancer, especially in men whose cancer has spread or become resistant to standard hormone therapy.
Enzalutamide is an androgen receptor inhibitor. It blocks male hormones like testosterone from attaching to cancer cells, which slows down or stops cancer growth.
The usual dose for adults is 160 mg once daily, taken by mouth. This is typically four 40 mg capsules. The dosage may be adjusted by a doctor based on individual response and side effects.
Some common side effects include fatigue, hot flashes, joint pain, high blood pressure, dizziness, and swelling. More serious risks include seizures, heart problems, and increased risk of falls.
Men with a history of seizures, liver disease, or heart problems should use caution. Pregnant women must avoid handling this drug as it can harm an unborn baby. It's also not recommended for women or children.
Indications and Purpose
How does Enzalutamide work?
Enzalutamide works by blocking androgen receptors in prostate cancer cells. Androgens, which are male hormones, can promote the growth of these cancer cells. By blocking these receptors, Enzalutamide prevents androgens from stimulating cancer cell growth. This helps slow the progression of prostate cancer and can improve survival rates. Think of it like turning off a switch that powers the cancer cells, helping to control the disease.
Is Enzalutamide effective?
Yes, Enzalutamide is effective in treating prostate cancer. It works by blocking the action of androgens, which are male hormones that can promote the growth of cancer cells. Clinical studies have shown that Enzalutamide can improve survival rates and delay the progression of prostate cancer. It is an important treatment option for many patients with this condition.
What is Enzalutamide?
Enzalutamide is a medication used to treat prostate cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs called androgen receptor inhibitors, which work by blocking the action of androgens, which are male hormones that can promote the growth of cancer cells. Enzalutamide is used to slow the progression of prostate cancer and improve survival rates. It is often used in combination with other therapies for better results.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Enzalutamide?
Enzalutamide is usually taken long-term for managing prostate cancer. You'll typically take it every day as part of your ongoing treatment plan. The duration of use depends on your body's response, any side effects you experience, and changes in your overall health. Always talk with your doctor before changing or stopping your Enzalutamide treatment. They will guide you on the best course of action for your health needs.
How do I dispose of Enzalutamide?
To dispose of Enzalutamide, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and then throw it away.
How do I take Enzalutamide?
Take Enzalutamide as a once-daily pill, usually in the morning. You can take it with or without food. Do not crush the tablets. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's close to your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Never take two doses at once. Avoid alcohol while on this medication, as it can increase side effects. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions regarding diet and fluid intake while taking Enzalutamide.
How long does it take for Enzalutamide to start working?
Enzalutamide starts working in your body shortly after you take it, but it may take several weeks to notice its full effects. The time it takes to work can vary based on individual factors like your overall health and the stage of your prostate cancer. Regular check-ups and tests with your doctor will help monitor its effectiveness. Always take Enzalutamide as prescribed for the best results.
How should I store Enzalutamide?
Store Enzalutamide at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Do not store it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect the medication's effectiveness. Always check the expiration date and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Enzalutamide?
The usual starting dose of Enzalutamide for adults is 160 mg taken once daily. This dose is typically taken at the same time each day, with or without food. Dose adjustments may be necessary based on individual response and tolerance. There are no specific dose adjustments for children or the elderly, but elderly patients should be monitored closely. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Enzalutamide be taken safely while breastfeeding?
No, Enzalutamide is not recommended while breastfeeding. There is limited information on whether it passes into human breast milk, but it could potentially harm a nursing baby. If you are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about safer medication options that would allow you to nurse your baby safely.
Can Enzalutamide be taken safely while pregnant?
No, Enzalutamide is not safe to use during pregnancy. It can harm the unborn baby. There is limited evidence on the safety of most medicines during pregnancy, but Enzalutamide is known to be harmful. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about safer treatment options.
Can I take Enzalutamide with other prescription drugs?
Enzalutamide can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of side effects or reducing effectiveness. It can interact with blood thinners like warfarin, increasing bleeding risk. It may also affect the levels of certain medications like midazolam, which is used for sedation. Always inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions. They can adjust your treatment plan to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Does Enzalutamide have adverse effects?
Yes, Enzalutamide can have adverse effects, which are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects include fatigue, hot flashes, and high blood pressure. These occur in more than 10% of users. Serious side effects can include seizures and heart problems. If you notice any new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. They can help determine if these symptoms are related to Enzalutamide and provide appropriate care.
Does Enzalutamide have any safety warnings?
Yes, Enzalutamide has important safety warnings. It can increase the risk of seizures, which are sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain. This risk is higher if you have a history of seizures or brain injury. Enzalutamide can also cause dizziness, falls, and fractures. Not following these warnings can lead to serious health issues. Always discuss any concerns with your doctor and follow their advice to minimize risks.
Is Enzalutamide addictive?
No, Enzalutamide is not addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Enzalutamide works by blocking certain proteins in cancer cells, which doesn't affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed. If you have concerns about medication dependence, Enzalutamide doesn't carry this risk.
Is Enzalutamide safe for the elderly?
Yes, Enzalutamide is generally safe for the elderly, but they may be more vulnerable to side effects like dizziness and falls. The elderly often have other health conditions or take multiple medications, which can increase the risk of interactions. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is important to ensure safety and effectiveness. Always discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Enzalutamide?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Enzalutamide. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like dizziness and may interfere with the effectiveness of the medication. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and watch for any warning signs like nausea or dizziness. Always talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Enzalutamide for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Enzalutamide?
Yes, you can exercise while taking Enzalutamide, but be mindful of how your body feels. This medication can cause fatigue and dizziness, which might affect your exercise capacity. To exercise safely, stay hydrated and avoid strenuous activities if you feel tired or dizzy. Listen to your body and rest if needed. Always consult your doctor if you have concerns about exercising while on Enzalutamide.
Is it safe to stop Enzalutamide?
No, it's not safe to stop Enzalutamide suddenly without consulting your doctor. This medication is usually used for long-term treatment of prostate cancer. Stopping it abruptly can lead to a worsening of your condition. Always talk with your doctor before making any changes to your medication regimen. They can guide you on how to safely adjust or stop your treatment if necessary.
What are the most common side effects of Enzalutamide?
Common side effects of Enzalutamide include fatigue, which is feeling very tired, and hot flashes, which are sudden feelings of warmth. These side effects occur in more than 10% of people taking the medication. It's important to remember that side effects can vary from person to person. If you experience new symptoms after starting Enzalutamide, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Always talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Enzalutamide?
Enzalutamide should not be used if you have a known allergy to it or its ingredients. It is also contraindicated in pregnant women, as it can harm the unborn baby. Caution is needed if you have a history of seizures or brain injury, as Enzalutamide can increase seizure risk. Always discuss your medical history with your doctor to ensure Enzalutamide is safe for you.
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