Dihydrocodeine
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
None
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Summary
Dihydrocodeine is used to relieve moderate to severe pain, which can come from surgery, injury, or chronic conditions like arthritis. It can also be used to treat coughs in some cases. This medication helps manage pain so you can feel more comfortable and carry out daily activities.
Dihydrocodeine works by binding to opioid receptors, which are parts of the brain and spinal cord. This action changes how your brain perceives pain, making it feel less intense. Think of it like turning down the volume on a loudspeaker; the pain signals are still there, but they're quieter.
The usual starting dose for adults is 30 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain. It's taken by mouth, which means you swallow it. The maximum recommended dose is typically 240 mg per day. Always follow your doctor's instructions and never exceed the prescribed amount.
Common side effects of dihydrocodeine include nausea, which is feeling sick to your stomach, constipation, which is difficulty in passing stools, and drowsiness, which is feeling sleepy. These effects can vary in severity but are generally mild to moderate. If they persist, talk to your doctor.
Dihydrocodeine can cause respiratory depression, which is when breathing becomes too slow or shallow, especially in high doses. It can be habit-forming, leading to dependence or addiction. It's not safe for people with severe breathing problems or allergies to opioids. Always take it as prescribed and discuss concerns with your doctor.
Indications and Purpose
How does dihydrocodeine work?
Dihydrocodeine works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, which are parts of the central nervous system. This action changes the way your brain perceives pain, providing relief. Think of it like turning down the volume on a loudspeaker; the pain signals are still there, but they're less intense. This medication is effective for managing moderate to severe pain, helping you feel more comfortable and able to perform daily activities.
Is dihydrocodeine effective?
Yes, dihydrocodeine is effective for pain relief. It is an opioid analgesic, which means it works by changing the way your brain and nervous system respond to pain. Clinical studies and patient experiences support its effectiveness in managing moderate to severe pain. However, its effectiveness can vary based on individual factors like the type and severity of pain. Always use dihydrocodeine as prescribed by your doctor to ensure safe and effective pain management.
What is dihydrocodeine?
Dihydrocodeine is an opioid analgesic, which is a type of medication used to relieve moderate to severe pain. It works by changing the way your brain and nervous system respond to pain. Dihydrocodeine is primarily used for pain relief, but it can also be used to treat coughs in some cases. It's important to use this medication only as prescribed by your doctor to ensure safe and effective pain management.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take dihydrocodeine?
Dihydrocodeine is usually taken for short-term relief of acute pain. The duration of use depends on the type and severity of pain and your doctor's recommendations. It's not typically used for long-term treatment due to the risk of dependence and side effects. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding how long to take dihydrocodeine. If you have ongoing pain, your doctor may suggest alternative treatments or adjust your medication plan.
How do I dispose of dihydrocodeine?
To dispose of dihydrocodeine, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. These programs ensure safe disposal without harming people or the environment. If a take-back program isn't available, you can dispose of it at home. Remove the medication from its original container, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and throw it away. This helps prevent accidental ingestion or misuse.
How do I take dihydrocodeine?
Take dihydrocodeine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. It's usually taken every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain relief. You can take it with or without food, but taking it with food may help prevent stomach upset. Do not crush or chew the tablets, as this can release the drug all at once, increasing the risk of side effects. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. Never take two doses at once. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions.
How long does it take for dihydrocodeine to start working?
Dihydrocodeine typically starts working within 30 to 60 minutes after taking it. The full therapeutic effect, which is the maximum pain relief, usually occurs within 1 to 2 hours. Factors like your metabolism, age, and overall health can affect how quickly the medication works. Always take dihydrocodeine exactly as prescribed for the best results. If you don't experience adequate pain relief, talk with your doctor about adjusting your dose or exploring other treatment options.
How should I store dihydrocodeine?
Store dihydrocodeine at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container to protect it from damage. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect the medication's effectiveness. Ensure the container is child-resistant to prevent accidental ingestion. Regularly check the expiration date and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication. Always keep dihydrocodeine out of reach of children and pets.
What is the usual dose of dihydrocodeine?
The usual starting dose of dihydrocodeine for adults is 30 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain. The dose may be adjusted by your doctor based on your response and pain level. The maximum recommended dose is typically 240 mg per day. For elderly patients or those with certain health conditions, lower doses may be recommended. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions and do not exceed the prescribed amount to avoid potential side effects or overdose.
Warnings and Precautions
Can dihydrocodeine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Dihydrocodeine is not recommended while breastfeeding. It can pass into breast milk and may cause adverse effects in the breastfed infant, such as drowsiness or difficulty breathing. The medication might also affect milk supply. If you need pain relief while breastfeeding, talk with your doctor about safer alternatives. They can help you choose a medication that allows you to manage pain effectively while minimizing risks to your baby.
Can dihydrocodeine be taken safely while pregnant?
Dihydrocodeine is not recommended during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary. There is limited evidence on its safety, but it may pose risks to the unborn baby, such as respiratory problems or withdrawal symptoms after birth. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about the safest options for managing pain. They can help create a treatment plan that minimizes risks to both you and your baby.
Can I take dihydrocodeine with other prescription drugs?
Dihydrocodeine can interact with several prescription drugs. Major interactions include other central nervous system depressants like benzodiazepines, which can increase the risk of respiratory depression, which is when breathing becomes too slow or shallow. Moderate interactions include certain antidepressants, which can increase the sedative effects of dihydrocodeine. These interactions can increase the risk of adverse effects or reduce the effectiveness of dihydrocodeine. Always inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Does dihydrocodeine have adverse effects?
Yes, dihydrocodeine can cause adverse effects, which are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects include nausea, constipation, and drowsiness. These effects vary in frequency and severity. More serious side effects can include respiratory depression, which is when breathing becomes too slow or shallow, and allergic reactions, which can cause rash or difficulty breathing. If you notice any severe or unusual symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. They can help determine if the symptoms are related to dihydrocodeine and provide appropriate treatment.
Does dihydrocodeine have any safety warnings?
Yes, dihydrocodeine has important safety warnings. It can cause respiratory depression, which is when breathing becomes too slow or shallow, especially if taken in high doses or with other sedatives. This can be life-threatening. Dihydrocodeine can also be habit-forming, leading to dependence or addiction. It's important to take it exactly as prescribed and not to share it with others. If you experience symptoms like difficulty breathing, extreme drowsiness, or confusion, seek medical help immediately. Always discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Is dihydrocodeine addictive?
Yes, dihydrocodeine can be addictive. It has the potential to cause physical and psychological dependence, especially with long-term use. This is because it affects brain chemistry, leading to cravings and a compulsion to take more. Warning signs of dependence include taking the medication more frequently than prescribed, feeling unable to stop, and experiencing withdrawal symptoms when not taking it. To prevent addiction, use dihydrocodeine only as directed by your doctor and discuss any concerns about dependence with them.
Is dihydrocodeine safe for the elderly?
Dihydrocodeine can be used by the elderly, but with caution. Older adults are more vulnerable to side effects like drowsiness, dizziness, and constipation, which can lead to falls or other complications. The elderly may also have other health conditions or take medications that interact with dihydrocodeine. Doctors often start with a lower dose and monitor closely for any adverse effects. Always discuss with your doctor to ensure safe use of dihydrocodeine in older adults.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking dihydrocodeine?
No, it's best to avoid alcohol while taking dihydrocodeine. Alcohol can increase the sedative effects of dihydrocodeine, leading to increased drowsiness, dizziness, and risk of overdose. This combination can also depress breathing, which is dangerous. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and be aware of any warning signs like extreme drowsiness or difficulty breathing. Always talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking dihydrocodeine for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking dihydrocodeine?
Exercise caution when exercising while taking dihydrocodeine. This medication can cause drowsiness and dizziness, which may affect your balance and coordination. These side effects can increase the risk of injury during physical activity. To exercise safely, start with light activities and avoid strenuous or high-impact exercises until you know how the medication affects you. If you feel dizzy or unusually tired, stop exercising and rest. Always consult your doctor if you have concerns about exercising while on dihydrocodeine.
Is it safe to stop dihydrocodeine?
No, it's not safe to stop dihydrocodeine suddenly if you've been taking it regularly for a long time. Doing so can cause withdrawal symptoms, which are unpleasant physical and mental effects that occur when stopping a drug. These symptoms can include anxiety, sweating, nausea, and muscle aches. If you need to stop taking dihydrocodeine, your doctor will likely recommend gradually reducing your dose to minimize withdrawal effects. Always consult your doctor before making any changes to your medication regimen.
What are the most common side effects of dihydrocodeine?
Common side effects of dihydrocodeine include nausea, constipation, and drowsiness. These are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking the medication. The frequency of these side effects can vary, but they are generally mild to moderate. It's important to note that side effects can be coincidental and unrelated to the medication. If you experience new symptoms after starting dihydrocodeine, they might be temporary. However, if they persist or worsen, talk with your doctor. They can help determine if the symptoms are related to the medication.
Who should avoid taking dihydrocodeine?
Dihydrocodeine has several important contraindications. It should not be used by people with severe respiratory depression, which is when breathing becomes too slow or shallow, or by those with acute asthma attacks. It's also contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to dihydrocodeine or other opioids. Caution is needed for people with head injuries, liver or kidney problems, and those who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Always consult your doctor to ensure dihydrocodeine is safe for you.
