Dichlorphenamide
Glaucoma
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Dichlorphenamide
Summary
Dichlorphenamide is used to treat primary hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, primary hypokalemic periodic paralysis, and related variants. These are conditions characterized by episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis due to changes in potassium levels.
Dichlorphenamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It blocks an enzyme called carbonic anhydrase, leading to changes in ion transport and acid-base balance. The exact mechanism by which it treats periodic paralysis is not fully understood.
The usual daily dose for adults is between 50 mg and 200 mg taken orally. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
Common side effects include paresthesia, cognitive disorder, dysgeusia, headache, and fatigue. Serious adverse effects include hypersensitivity reactions, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and increased risk of falls.
Important warnings include hypersensitivity reactions, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and increased risk of falls. It is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, severe pulmonary disease, hepatic insufficiency, and those taking high-dose aspirin.
Indications and Purpose
How does Dichlorphenamide work?
Dichlorphenamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, which works by affecting certain processes in your body to help prevent episodes of muscle weakness in periodic paralysis. Think of it like adjusting the settings on a machine to improve its function. By altering these processes, Dichlorphenamide helps reduce the frequency and severity of muscle weakness episodes.
Is Dichlorphenamide effective?
Dichlorphenamide is effective for treating periodic paralysis, which is a condition that causes episodes of muscle weakness. It works by affecting certain processes in your body to help prevent these episodes. Clinical studies show Dichlorphenamide significantly reduces the frequency and severity of attacks in people with periodic paralysis. Always follow your doctor's instructions to achieve the best results.
What is Dichlorphenamide?
Dichlorphenamide is a medication used to treat periodic paralysis, which is a condition that causes episodes of muscle weakness. It belongs to a class of drugs called carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, which work by affecting certain processes in your body to help prevent these episodes. Dichlorphenamide is used alone or as a complementary addition to other therapies to manage this condition.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Dichlorphenamide?
Dichlorphenamide is usually a long-term medication for managing periodic paralysis, which is a condition that causes episodes of muscle weakness. You'll typically take Dichlorphenamide every day as a lifelong treatment unless your doctor suggests otherwise. How long you'll need this medication depends on your body's response, any side effects you experience, and changes in your overall health.
How do I dispose of Dichlorphenamide?
If you can, bring unused Dichlorphenamide to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of this medicine properly so it doesn't harm people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw most medicines in the trash at home. But first, take them out of their original containers, mix them with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag, and throw it away.
How do I take Dichlorphenamide?
Take Dichlorphenamide as prescribed by your doctor, usually twice daily. You can take it with or without food. Swallow the tablets whole; do not crush or chew them. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions.
How long does it take for Dichlorphenamide to start working?
Dichlorphenamide begins working in your body shortly after you take it. However, you may not notice all the benefits right away. It may take several weeks to see significant improvements in your symptoms. How quickly the medication works can depend on your overall health and how your body responds. Take it exactly as prescribed for the best results.
How should I store Dichlorphenamide?
Store Dichlorphenamide at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container. Don't store it in humid places like bathrooms, where moisture in the air could affect how well the medication works. Always store Dichlorphenamide out of children's reach to prevent accidental swallowing. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Dichlorphenamide?
The usual starting dose of Dichlorphenamide for adults is 50 mg twice daily. Your doctor may adjust your dose based on your response and any side effects. The maximum recommended dose is 200 mg per day. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your personal health needs. Special populations, such as the elderly, may require dose adjustments.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Dichlorphenamide be taken safely while breastfeeding?
The safety of Dichlorphenamide while breastfeeding is not well-established. It's unknown if this medication passes into breast milk. If you're breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about the safest way to manage your condition. Your doctor can help create a treatment plan that allows you to nurse your baby safely.
Can Dichlorphenamide be taken safely while pregnant?
The safety of Dichlorphenamide during pregnancy is not well-established. Limited data is available, and the effects on an unborn baby are unknown. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about the safest way to manage your condition. Your doctor can help create a treatment plan that protects both you and your baby.
Can I take Dichlorphenamide with other prescription drugs?
Dichlorphenamide can interact with other medications, such as diuretics, which are water pills that increase urination. This combination can increase the risk of dehydration, which means your body doesn't have enough fluids. It can also interact with medications that affect potassium levels, increasing the risk of low potassium. Always inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking to manage potential interactions.
Does Dichlorphenamide have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Dichlorphenamide include tingling in the hands and feet, changes in taste, and increased urination. These effects are usually mild. Serious side effects, like metabolic acidosis, are rare but require immediate medical attention. Always inform your doctor about any new or worsening symptoms while taking Dichlorphenamide.
Does Dichlorphenamide have any safety warnings?
Yes, Dichlorphenamide has important safety warnings. It can cause metabolic acidosis, which is a condition where your blood becomes too acidic. Symptoms include fatigue, loss of appetite, and rapid breathing. If untreated, it can lead to serious health issues. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor your condition. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms immediately.
Is Dichlorphenamide addictive?
Dichlorphenamide is not addictive or habit-forming. This medication doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. It works by affecting certain processes in your body to treat your condition, but it doesn't affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed.
Is Dichlorphenamide safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals may be more vulnerable to the side effects of Dichlorphenamide, such as dehydration and metabolic acidosis, which is a condition where your blood becomes too acidic. Regular monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary. Always consult your doctor about the risks and benefits of using Dichlorphenamide if you are elderly.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Dichlorphenamide?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Dichlorphenamide. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like dizziness and dehydration, which means your body doesn't have enough fluids. If you do choose to drink occasionally, limit how much alcohol you consume and watch for warning signs like dizziness or lightheadedness. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Dichlorphenamide.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Dichlorphenamide?
You can exercise while taking Dichlorphenamide, but keep a few things in mind. This medication can cause dehydration, which means your body doesn't have enough fluids. This might make you feel dizzy or lightheaded during exercise, especially in hot weather. To exercise safely, drink plenty of water before, during, and after physical activity. Watch for signs of dizziness or unusual fatigue.
Is it safe to stop Dichlorphenamide?
Stopping Dichlorphenamide suddenly can cause your symptoms to return or worsen. It's important to talk with your doctor before stopping this medication. They might suggest gradually reducing your dose or switching to a different medication to keep your condition under control. Your doctor will help you make any medication changes safely to protect your health.
What are the most common side effects of Dichlorphenamide?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can happen when taking a medication. Common side effects of Dichlorphenamide include tingling in the hands and feet, changes in taste, and increased urination. These effects vary from person to person. If you notice new symptoms after starting Dichlorphenamide, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Dichlorphenamide?
Don't take Dichlorphenamide if you're allergic to it or its ingredients. It's also contraindicated in people with severe kidney problems, which affect organs that filter waste from your blood. Dichlorphenamide can worsen kidney function. Avoid this medication if you have a history of metabolic acidosis, which is a condition where your blood becomes too acidic. Always consult your doctor about these concerns.
