Dextromethorphan
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Sigma-1 Agonist and Uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonist
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Dextromethorphan
Summary
Dextromethorphan is used to relieve coughs caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation, which are the tubes that carry air to the lungs. It is often used for temporary relief of cough symptoms associated with the common cold or flu.
Dextromethorphan works by suppressing the cough reflex in the brain, which is the body's way of clearing the throat. It acts on the cough center in the brain to reduce the urge to cough, providing temporary relief from coughing.
For adults, the usual dose is 10 to 20 mg every 4 hours, or 30 mg every 6 to 8 hours, as needed. The maximum recommended dose is 120 mg per day. It is taken orally, which means by mouth, in the form of tablets or liquid.
Common side effects of Dextromethorphan include dizziness, nausea, and drowsiness, which means feeling sleepy. These effects are usually mild and temporary, meaning they don't last long.
Do not use Dextromethorphan if allergic to it or its ingredients. Avoid if taking MAO inhibitors, which are a type of antidepressant. Use cautiously with chronic bronchitis or emphysema, which are lung conditions. Consult a doctor before use if pregnant or breastfeeding.
Indications and Purpose
How does Dextromethorphan work?
Dextromethorphan works by suppressing the cough reflex in the brain. It acts on the cough center in the brain to reduce the urge to cough. Think of it like turning down the volume on a loudspeaker. This helps relieve coughs caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation. Dextromethorphan is effective for temporary cough relief, but it doesn't treat the underlying cause of a cough. If your cough persists, consult your doctor for further evaluation.
Is Dextromethorphan effective?
Dextromethorphan is effective for relieving coughs caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation. It works by suppressing the cough reflex in the brain. Clinical studies and user experiences support its effectiveness for this purpose. However, it doesn't treat the underlying cause of a cough, such as an infection. If your cough persists or worsens, consult your doctor. They can help determine if another treatment is needed or if there's an underlying condition that requires attention.
What is Dextromethorphan?
Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant used to relieve coughs caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation. It works by suppressing the cough reflex in the brain. Dextromethorphan is often used in over-the-counter cold and cough medications. It's important to use it as directed to avoid potential side effects. If you have questions about how Dextromethorphan works or its uses, consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Dextromethorphan?
Dextromethorphan is used for short-term relief of cough symptoms. You should take it only as long as needed to relieve your cough, usually for a few days. If your cough persists or worsens after a week, consult your doctor. They can help determine if further treatment is needed or if there's an underlying condition that requires attention. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding the duration of use for Dextromethorphan.
How do I dispose of Dextromethorphan?
To dispose of Dextromethorphan, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and then throw it away. Always keep medications out of reach of children.
How do I take Dextromethorphan?
Take Dextromethorphan as directed by your doctor. It's usually taken every 4 to 6 hours as needed for cough relief. You can take it with or without food. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but skip it if it's almost time for your next dose. Don't double up on doses. Avoid crushing or chewing the tablets unless your doctor advises otherwise. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions for taking this medication.
How long does it take for Dextromethorphan to start working?
Dextromethorphan usually starts working within 15 to 30 minutes after taking it. The full effect can be felt within 1 to 2 hours. Individual factors like age, weight, and overall health can affect how quickly it works. If you don't notice improvement in your cough after taking Dextromethorphan, consult your doctor. They can help determine if another treatment is needed or if there's an underlying condition that requires attention.
How should I store Dextromethorphan?
Store Dextromethorphan at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container to protect it from damage. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms, where moisture can affect its effectiveness. Always keep medications out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication. If you have questions about storage, consult your pharmacist.
What is the usual dose of Dextromethorphan?
The usual dose of Dextromethorphan for adults is 10 to 20 mg every 4 hours, or 30 mg every 6 to 8 hours, as needed. The maximum recommended dose is 120 mg per day. For children, the dose is usually lower and based on age and weight. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions. If you have any questions about your dose, consult your healthcare provider.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Dextromethorphan be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Dextromethorphan is generally considered safe to use while breastfeeding, as it is not known to pass into breast milk in significant amounts. However, it's always best to consult your doctor before taking any medication while breastfeeding. They can help determine if it's safe for you and your baby and suggest alternative treatments if needed. If you notice any changes in your baby's behavior or health while taking Dextromethorphan, contact your healthcare provider.
Can Dextromethorphan be taken safely while pregnant?
The safety of Dextromethorphan during pregnancy isn't fully established. Limited evidence suggests it may be safe, but it's best to use it only if necessary. Always consult your doctor before taking Dextromethorphan while pregnant. They can help weigh the benefits and risks and suggest the safest treatment options for you and your baby. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss your symptoms and treatment options with your healthcare provider.
Can I take Dextromethorphan with other prescription drugs?
Dextromethorphan can interact with certain medications, increasing the risk of side effects. Avoid using it with MAO inhibitors, which are a type of antidepressant, as this can cause serious interactions. Combining Dextromethorphan with other sedatives or alcohol can enhance drowsiness. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking to prevent interactions. They can help determine if Dextromethorphan is safe for you and suggest alternatives if needed.
Does Dextromethorphan have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Dextromethorphan can cause side effects like dizziness, nausea, or drowsiness. These effects are usually mild and temporary. Serious side effects, such as confusion or hallucinations, are rare but require immediate medical attention. If you experience any new or worsening symptoms while taking Dextromethorphan, contact your doctor. They can help determine if the medication is the cause and suggest appropriate actions.
Does Dextromethorphan have any safety warnings?
Dextromethorphan has safety warnings you should know about. It can cause drowsiness, so avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you. Taking too much can lead to serious side effects like confusion or hallucinations. Avoid using it with alcohol or other sedatives, as this can increase drowsiness. If you experience any unusual symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. Always follow the prescribed dosage and consult your doctor if you have any concerns.
Is Dextromethorphan addictive?
Dextromethorphan is not considered addictive in the way that some other medications are. However, some people may misuse it for its psychoactive effects, which can lead to psychological dependence. Signs of misuse include taking higher doses than recommended or using it for non-medical reasons. To prevent misuse, always use Dextromethorphan as directed by your doctor and talk to them if you have concerns about dependence.
Is Dextromethorphan safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals can use Dextromethorphan, but they may be more sensitive to its effects. This includes increased risk of dizziness or drowsiness, which can lead to falls. It's important for older adults to use the medication as directed and to be cautious with activities that require alertness. If you have concerns about using Dextromethorphan as an older adult, talk with your doctor. They can provide guidance on safe use and monitor for any side effects.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Dextromethorphan?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Dextromethorphan. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like drowsiness and dizziness. It can also enhance the sedative effects of the medication, making you feel more tired or less alert. If you choose to drink alcohol, do so in moderation and be aware of how it affects you. If you experience any unusual symptoms, contact your doctor. They can provide personalized advice based on your health situation.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Dextromethorphan?
You can exercise while taking Dextromethorphan, but be cautious. This medication can cause drowsiness or dizziness, which might affect your ability to exercise safely. If you feel dizzy or lightheaded, avoid strenuous activities or high-impact sports. Listen to your body and take breaks if needed. Stay hydrated and monitor how you feel during physical activity. If you have concerns about exercising while taking Dextromethorphan, consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Is it safe to stop Dextromethorphan?
Yes, it's generally safe to stop taking Dextromethorphan when you no longer need it for cough relief. It's used for short-term relief of cough symptoms, not for long-term treatment. There are no withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping Dextromethorphan. However, if your symptoms persist or worsen after stopping, consult your doctor. They can help determine if further treatment is needed or if another underlying condition might be present.
What are the most common side effects of Dextromethorphan?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Dextromethorphan include dizziness, nausea, and drowsiness. These effects are usually mild and temporary. If you notice new symptoms after starting Dextromethorphan, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication. They can help determine if the side effects are related to Dextromethorphan or if there might be another cause.
Who should avoid taking Dextromethorphan?
Don't use Dextromethorphan if you're allergic to it or its ingredients. Avoid it if you're taking MAO inhibitors, which are a type of antidepressant, as this can cause serious interactions. People with certain medical conditions, like chronic bronchitis or emphysema, should use it cautiously. Always consult your doctor before using Dextromethorphan if you have any health concerns or are taking other medications. They can help determine if it's safe for you.
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