Dapagliflozin
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Dapagliflozin
Learn more about this medicine -
Click HereSummary
Dapagliflozin is used to manage type 2 diabetes and heart failure. It may also be prescribed for chronic kidney disease.
Dapagliflozin works by blocking a substance in the kidneys called sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). This reduces glucose reabsorption and increases glucose excretion in the urine, helping to lower blood sugar levels and improve heart and kidney function.
The usual daily dosage of Dapagliflozin for adults is 10 mg once per day, typically taken in the morning with or without food. The tablet should be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed.
Common side effects of Dapagliflozin include urinary tract infections, genital yeast infections, increased urination, dehydration, and dizziness. Serious adverse effects may include ketoacidosis, kidney problems, low blood pressure, and low blood sugar when used with other diabetes medications.
Dapagliflozin should not be used in patients with severe renal impairment, active bladder cancer, or a history of hypersensitivity to the drug. It's also not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It's important to consult a healthcare provider before starting or stopping Dapagliflozin.
Indications and Purpose
What is Dapagliflozin used for?
Dapagliflozin is indicated for the management of type 2 diabetes in adults and children aged 10 years and older, to improve glycemic control when used alongside diet and exercise. It is also used to reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death in adults with heart failure or chronic kidney disease. Additionally, it helps reduce the risk of worsening kidney disease.
How does Dapagliflozin work?
Dapagliflozin works by inhibiting the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys. This action prevents the reabsorption of glucose back into the bloodstream, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine. As a result, blood sugar levels are lowered, which helps manage type 2 diabetes and reduces cardiovascular and renal risks.
Is Dapagliflozin effective?
Dapagliflozin has been shown to effectively lower blood sugar levels in adults and children with type 2 diabetes when used alongside diet and exercise. It also reduces the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death in adults with heart failure or chronic kidney disease. Clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy in improving glycemic control and reducing cardiovascular and renal events.
How does one know if Dapagliflozin is working?
The benefit of Dapagliflozin is evaluated through regular monitoring of blood sugar levels and other laboratory tests, such as glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and kidney function tests. Patients are advised to regularly check their blood sugar levels at home and report any significant changes to their doctor. Regular follow-up appointments with healthcare providers are essential to assess the medication's effectiveness and adjust treatment as needed.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Dapagliflozin?
For adults and children aged 10 years and older with type 2 diabetes, the usual starting dose of Dapagliflozin is 5 mg taken orally once daily. The dose can be increased to 10 mg once daily if additional glycemic control is needed. For other indications, such as heart failure or chronic kidney disease, the recommended dose is 10 mg once daily. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding dosage.
How do I take Dapagliflozin?
Dapagliflozin should be taken once daily, with or without food, at the same time each day. There are no specific food restrictions while taking this medication, but it is important to follow a healthy diet and exercise plan as recommended by your doctor. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding the use of this medication.
For how long do I take Dapagliflozin?
Dapagliflozin is typically used as a long-term treatment for managing type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or chronic kidney disease. The duration of use depends on the individual's response to the medication and the specific condition being treated. It is important to continue taking Dapagliflozin as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel well.
How long does it take for Dapagliflozin to start working?
Dapagliflozin begins to work within a few hours of taking the first dose, as it starts to increase glucose excretion in the urine. However, it may take several weeks to see the full effects on blood sugar levels. Regular monitoring of blood sugar is important to assess the medication's effectiveness.
How should I store Dapagliflozin?
Dapagliflozin should be stored at room temperature, between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), and kept in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. It should be stored away from excess heat and moisture, and not in the bathroom. Unneeded medication should be disposed of properly, preferably through a take-back program.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Dapagliflozin?
Dapagliflozin is contraindicated in patients with a history of serious hypersensitivity reactions to the drug. It is not recommended for use in patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. Caution is advised in patients with renal impairment, as the drug's efficacy is reduced. Patients should be aware of the risk of dehydration, urinary tract infections, and ketoacidosis, and should monitor for symptoms.
Can I take Dapagliflozin with other prescription drugs?
Dapagliflozin may increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with insulin or insulin secretagogues, such as sulfonylureas. A lower dose of insulin or insulin secretagogue may be required. It may also interact with diuretics, increasing the risk of dehydration and hypotension. Patients should inform their doctor of all medications they are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Can I take Dapagliflozin with vitamins or supplements?
From all available and reliable information, there is no confirmed data on this. Please consult a doctor for personalized advice.
Can Dapagliflozin be taken safely while pregnant?
Dapagliflozin is not recommended during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to potential adverse effects on fetal kidney development, as observed in animal studies. There is limited data on its use in pregnant women, and the risks to the fetus are not fully known. Pregnant women should discuss alternative treatments with their healthcare provider.
Can Dapagliflozin be taken safely while breastfeeding?
It is not known if Dapagliflozin passes into human breast milk, but it is present in the milk of lactating rats. Due to the potential risk to the developing human kidney, breastfeeding is not recommended while taking Dapagliflozin. Women should discuss alternative treatments with their healthcare provider if they are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed.
Is Dapagliflozin safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may be at a greater risk for volume depletion and are more likely to be treated with diuretics. They are also more likely to have impaired renal function. Therefore, it is important to monitor renal function and volume status in elderly patients taking Dapagliflozin. No specific dosage adjustment is recommended based on age alone, but caution is advised.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Dapagliflozin?
Dapagliflozin does not typically limit the ability to exercise. In fact, exercise is often recommended as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for managing type 2 diabetes and heart conditions. However, if you experience symptoms like dizziness or dehydration, which can occur with Dapagliflozin, it may affect your ability to exercise safely. Always consult your doctor before starting or changing your exercise routine.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Dapagliflozin?
Drinking alcohol can affect blood sugar levels, which may interfere with the effectiveness of Dapagliflozin. Alcohol may also increase the risk of dehydration, which is a concern when taking Dapagliflozin. It is important to discuss alcohol consumption with your doctor to ensure safe use of the medication.
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