Clonidine
Hypertension, Intractable Pain ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Central alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Clonidine
Learn more about this medicine -
Click HereSummary
Clonidine is primarily used to treat high blood pressure. It is also used in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and for withdrawal symptoms from opioids. It can also be used to manage sleep disorders.
Clonidine works by blocking certain nerve signals in your brain. This reduces the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, which in turn decreases the constriction of blood vessels, heart rate, and blood pressure.
Clonidine is typically taken orally. The dosage varies depending on the condition being treated. For high blood pressure, Clonidine may be prescribed for long-term use, often for months or years. For ADHD, it may be prescribed for several months or longer. For withdrawal from opioids, it might be used for a few weeks.
Common side effects of Clonidine include dry mouth, drowsiness, and dizziness. Other side effects include constipation, sedation, and occasional nausea or vomiting. Less common side effects include weight gain, decreased sexual activity, erectile dysfunction, and loss of libido.
Clonidine should not be stopped suddenly as it can cause withdrawal symptoms such as headaches. It should be used with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It can enhance the effects of alcohol and sedatives, and may reduce the effectiveness of antidepressants. Clonidine should not be taken if you are allergic to it.
Indications and Purpose
What is Clonidine used for?
Clonidine is indicated for treating high blood pressure and ADHD. It is also used for dysmenorrhea, hypertensive crisis, menopausal hot flashes, and as an aid in smoking cessation therapy. Consult your doctor for more information on its uses.
How does Clonidine work?
Clonidine works by stimulating alpha-adrenoreceptors in the brain, reducing sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system. This leads to decreased peripheral resistance, heart rate, and blood pressure, allowing blood to flow more easily through the body.
Is Clonidine effective?
Clonidine is effective in treating high blood pressure by decreasing heart rate and relaxing blood vessels. It also helps manage ADHD symptoms by affecting brain areas that control attention and impulsivity. Clinical studies support its efficacy in these conditions.
How does one know if Clonidine is working?
The benefit of clonidine is evaluated by regularly checking blood pressure and monitoring symptoms of the condition being treated. Your doctor may also ask you to check your pulse daily to ensure the medication is working effectively.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Clonidine?
For adults, the initial dose of clonidine is typically 0.1 mg taken twice daily. The maintenance dose can be adjusted in increments of 0.1 mg per day at weekly intervals, with a common range being 0.2 mg to 0.6 mg per day. For children, especially those with ADHD, the dosage is usually determined by the doctor based on the child's weight and response to the medication. Always follow the doctor's prescription.
How do I take Clonidine?
Clonidine can be taken with or without food. It's important to take it at the same times every day as directed by your doctor. There are no specific food restrictions, but consult your doctor for personalized advice.
For how long do I take Clonidine?
Clonidine is often used as a long-term treatment for conditions like high blood pressure and ADHD. The duration of use depends on the individual's response to the medication and the condition being treated. It is important to follow the doctor's guidance and not to stop taking clonidine suddenly without medical advice.
How long does it take for Clonidine to start working?
Clonidine starts to lower blood pressure within 30 to 60 minutes after an oral dose, with the maximum effect occurring within 2 to 4 hours. The onset of action for ADHD symptoms may vary, and it's important to follow your doctor's guidance.
How should I store Clonidine?
Store clonidine in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature away from light, excess heat, and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children. Discard any unused liquid medication after 60 days.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Clonidine?
Clonidine should not be stopped suddenly, as it can cause a rapid rise in blood pressure and other symptoms. It's contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to clonidine. Caution is advised for those with heart problems, kidney disease, or a history of stroke.
Can I take Clonidine with other prescription drugs?
Clonidine may interact with other medications, such as beta-blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, and sedatives. These interactions can affect heart rate, blood pressure, and increase sedative effects. Always inform your doctor about all medications you are taking.
Can I take Clonidine with vitamins or supplements?
From all available and reliable information, there is no confirmed data on this. Please consult a doctor for personalized advice.
Can Clonidine be taken safely while pregnant?
Clonidine should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, as it crosses the placental barrier. There is limited data on its effects in pregnant women, and animal studies have shown potential risks. Consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Can Clonidine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Clonidine is excreted in human milk, so caution is advised when using it while breastfeeding. There is insufficient information on its effects on newborns. Consult your doctor to weigh the benefits and risks before using clonidine while breastfeeding.
Is Clonidine safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may benefit from a lower initial dose of clonidine. They should be monitored carefully for side effects, as they may be more sensitive to the medication. It's important to follow the doctor's guidance and report any unusual symptoms.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Clonidine?
Clonidine may cause dizziness or drowsiness, which could affect your ability to exercise safely. It's important to understand how the medication affects you before engaging in physical activities. Consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Clonidine?
Drinking alcohol while taking clonidine can worsen the side effects of the medication, such as drowsiness and dizziness. It is advisable to consult with a doctor about the safe use of alcohol while on clonidine.
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