Citalopram
Depressive Disorder, Dementia ... show more
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
citalopram
Summary
Citalopram is used to treat depression and anxiety disorders, which are mental health conditions characterized by persistent sadness and excessive worry, respectively. It helps improve mood, energy levels, and interest in daily activities.
Citalopram works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which is a chemical that helps regulate mood. It belongs to a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which block the reabsorption of serotonin, allowing more to be available in the brain.
The usual starting dose of Citalopram for adults is 20 mg once daily, taken orally. The maximum recommended dose is 40 mg per day. For elderly patients or those with liver problems, a lower starting dose of 10 mg daily may be recommended. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions.
Common side effects of Citalopram include nausea, dry mouth, and drowsiness, which are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. These effects are usually mild and may improve over time. If you notice new symptoms, talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Citalopram can increase the risk of suicidal thoughts, especially in young adults. It can also cause QT prolongation, which is a heart rhythm disorder. Avoid using it with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), which are another type of antidepressant, due to the risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition.
Indications and Purpose
How does Citalopram work?
Citalopram works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter, which is a chemical that helps transmit signals in the brain. It plays a key role in regulating mood, anxiety, and happiness. Citalopram belongs to a class of medications called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which block the reabsorption of serotonin, allowing more to be available in the brain. This helps improve mood and reduce anxiety.
Is Citalopram effective?
Yes, Citalopram is effective for treating depression and anxiety disorders. It works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which can improve mood and reduce anxiety. Clinical studies show that Citalopram significantly improves symptoms in people with depression and anxiety. However, individual responses to the medication can vary. It may take several weeks to notice the full benefits. Regular follow-ups with your doctor are important to monitor your progress and adjust your treatment as needed.
What is Citalopram?
Citalopram is a medication used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. It belongs to a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin is a chemical that helps regulate mood. By boosting serotonin, Citalopram can improve mood and reduce anxiety. It is often used as a complementary addition to therapy and lifestyle changes for managing mental health conditions.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Citalopram?
Citalopram is usually taken long-term for managing chronic conditions like depression and anxiety. The duration of use depends on your response to the medication and your doctor's recommendations. Some people may need to take it for several months, while others might require longer treatment. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding the duration of use. Do not stop taking Citalopram without consulting your doctor, as this could worsen your condition.
How do I dispose of Citalopram?
To dispose of Citalopram, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag, and throw it away. Always keep medications out of reach of children and pets.
How do I take Citalopram?
Take Citalopram once daily, usually in the morning or evening, with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush it. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's close to your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once. Avoid alcohol while taking Citalopram, as it can increase side effects. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions regarding diet and fluid intake while on this medication.
How long does it take for Citalopram to start working?
Citalopram may start to improve symptoms within 1 to 2 weeks, but it can take 4 to 6 weeks to achieve its full therapeutic effect. Individual responses vary, and some people may notice changes sooner or later. Factors like age, overall health, and other medications can affect how quickly Citalopram works. It's important to take it exactly as prescribed and continue regular follow-ups with your doctor to monitor your progress.
How should I store Citalopram?
Store Citalopram at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container to protect it from damage. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect its effectiveness. If your pills came in packaging that isn't child-resistant, transfer them to a container that children can't easily open. Always store Citalopram out of children's reach to prevent accidental swallowing.
What is the usual dose of Citalopram?
The usual starting dose of Citalopram for adults is 20 mg once daily. Your doctor may adjust your dose based on your response to the medication and any side effects you experience. The maximum recommended dose is 40 mg per day. For elderly patients or those with liver problems, a lower starting dose of 10 mg daily may be recommended. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your personal health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Citalopram be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Citalopram is excreted into breast milk, but the effects on a breastfed infant are not well-studied. Some reports suggest potential risks, such as irritability or poor feeding in infants. The effects on milk supply are also unclear. If you're breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about the risks and benefits of taking Citalopram. They can help you decide on the best treatment option for you and your baby.
Can Citalopram be taken safely while pregnant?
Citalopram is not recommended during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. Limited evidence is available on its safety during pregnancy. Some studies suggest a risk of birth defects or complications, but more research is needed. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about the safest way to manage your mental health. They can help create a treatment plan that protects both you and your baby.
Can I take Citalopram with other prescription drugs?
Citalopram can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of side effects. Major interactions include monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), which can lead to serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. Other interactions include medications that affect heart rhythm, like certain antipsychotics or antibiotics, which can increase the risk of QT prolongation, a heart rhythm disorder. Always inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
Does Citalopram have adverse effects?
Yes, Citalopram can have adverse effects, which are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects include nausea, dry mouth, and drowsiness. These effects are usually mild and may improve over time. Serious adverse effects, like serotonin syndrome or QT prolongation, are rare but require immediate medical attention. If you experience new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor. They can help determine if the symptoms are related to Citalopram and recommend appropriate action.
Does Citalopram have any safety warnings?
Yes, Citalopram has important safety warnings. It can increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, especially in young adults and children. Monitor for mood changes and report them to your doctor. Citalopram can also cause QT prolongation, which is a heart rhythm disorder. This can lead to serious heart problems. If you experience symptoms like dizziness, fainting, or irregular heartbeat, seek medical help immediately. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any new or worsening symptoms.
Is Citalopram addictive?
Citalopram is not considered addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause cravings or compulsive use. However, stopping Citalopram suddenly can lead to withdrawal symptoms, which are uncomfortable physical or mental symptoms that occur when a medication is abruptly discontinued. These symptoms can include dizziness, irritability, and sleep disturbances. To avoid withdrawal, your doctor may gradually reduce your dose when it's time to stop the medication. Always follow your doctor's instructions when discontinuing Citalopram.
Is Citalopram safe for the elderly?
Citalopram can be used by the elderly, but they may be more vulnerable to side effects like dizziness, which can increase the risk of falls. The elderly may also be more sensitive to the effects on heart rhythm, such as QT prolongation, which is a heart rhythm disorder. Doctors often start with a lower dose and monitor closely for side effects. Regular follow-ups are important to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Citalopram?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Citalopram. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like drowsiness and dizziness. It can also worsen depression and anxiety symptoms. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and monitor how you feel. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Citalopram to get personalized advice based on your specific health situation.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Citalopram?
Yes, it's safe to exercise while taking Citalopram. Regular physical activity can improve mood and overall well-being. However, Citalopram can cause side effects like dizziness or fatigue, which might affect your exercise capacity. Start with light to moderate activities and listen to your body. If you feel dizzy or unusually tired, take a break and rest. Talk with your doctor if you have concerns about exercising while on Citalopram.
Is it safe to stop Citalopram?
It's not safe to stop Citalopram suddenly. Doing so can lead to withdrawal symptoms, which are uncomfortable physical or mental symptoms that occur when a medication is abruptly discontinued. These symptoms can include dizziness, irritability, and sleep disturbances. To avoid withdrawal, your doctor may gradually reduce your dose when it's time to stop the medication. Always follow your doctor's instructions when discontinuing Citalopram to ensure a safe and comfortable transition.
What are the most common side effects of Citalopram?
Common side effects of Citalopram include nausea, dry mouth, and drowsiness. These side effects affect more than 10% of people taking the medication. Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They vary from person to person and may improve over time. If you notice new symptoms after starting Citalopram, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Citalopram?
Citalopram should not be used if you are allergic to it or its ingredients. It is also contraindicated in people taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), which are a type of antidepressant, due to the risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. Citalopram should be used with caution in people with a history of seizures, liver problems, or heart conditions. Always consult your doctor about any concerns or conditions before starting Citalopram.
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