Influenza
Influenza, also known as the flu, is a contagious infection of the nose, throat, and lungs caused by influenza viruses that can cause mild to severe illness.
Flu , Grippe
Disease Facts
Category
YES
Related Disease
NO
Approved Medicines
oseltamivir, oseltamivir, rimantadine, amantadine
Essential Tests
YES
Summary
Influenza, which is commonly known as the flu, is a contagious viral infection affecting the respiratory system. It spreads through droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The flu can range from mild to severe and can sometimes lead to death, especially in vulnerable groups like the elderly and young children.
Influenza is caused by influenza viruses, which infect the respiratory tract. Risk factors include close contact with infected individuals, crowded places, and weakened immune systems. Cold weather can also increase risk. The virus changes frequently, making it hard to predict and prevent completely. Vaccination is the best prevention method.
Common symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, and fatigue. Complications can include pneumonia, which is a lung infection, and worsening of chronic conditions like asthma. The virus weakens the immune system, making it easier for bacteria to cause infections, leading to hospitalization, especially in vulnerable groups.
Influenza is diagnosed based on symptoms like fever and cough. A healthcare provider may use a rapid influenza diagnostic test, which detects viral antigens in a nasal or throat swab. This test provides quick results. In some cases, a more detailed test like a PCR, which detects viral RNA, may be used for confirmation.
Vaccination is the best prevention method, helping the immune system recognize and fight the virus. Antiviral medications like oseltamivir, which is sold as Tamiflu, can reduce severity and complications if taken early. Rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications for symptom relief are also recommended. Good hygiene reduces spread.
Rest and hydration are crucial for recovery. Eat nutritious foods like fruits and vegetables, which provide vitamins and antioxidants. Avoid tobacco and alcohol, as they can weaken the immune response. Over-the-counter medications can relieve symptoms like fever and aches. Self-care helps speed recovery and prevents spreading the virus to others.