zexate (METHOTREXATE)

What is Zexate?

Zexate is a medication used to treat certain types of cancer, severe rheumatoid arthritis, severe psoriasis, and polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It works by inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme necessary for DNA synthesis, repair, and replication. This action targets rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells and cells involved in autoimmune conditions.

What is the usual dose of Zexate?

Zexate is a medicine used to treat several diseases. The amount given depends on the illness and the patient's age. 

Adults:

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): 20 mg/m² orally once weekly.

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Start at 7.5 mg orally once weekly, escalating as needed. Maximum: 20 mg per week.

Psoriasis: 10–25 mg orally once weekly, with a maximum of 30 mg per week.

Children:

Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: 10 mg/m² orally once weekly, up to a maximum of 30 mg/m² per week.

 

How do I take Zexate?

Take Zexate exactly as prescribed, typically once a week. It may be taken with or without food. Patients should avoid alcohol and consult their healthcare provider regarding any food restrictions. Folic acid supplementation is often recommended to minimize side effects.

For how long do I take Zexate?

The duration depends on the condition being treated and response to therapy. For autoimmune diseases, treatment is usually long-term, but dose adjustments or discontinuation may occur based on clinical response or side effects.

What is Zexate used for?

Zexate is a strong medicine used to fight cancer and some serious immune system problems. Doctors use it in combination with other drugs to treat childhood leukemia (ALL) and a type of adult lymphoma. It also helps adults with rheumatoid arthritis (painful, swollen joints) and severe psoriasis (skin condition), and children with a specific type of arthritis (pJIA).

How long does it take for Zexate to start working?

For autoimmune conditions, responses are usually observed within 3 to 6 weeks, though it may take up to 12 weeks for full effect. For cancer, the response depends on the specific regimen and cancer type.

Is Zexate effective?

Clinical trials have demonstrated Zexate’s effectiveness in treating autoimmune diseases and certain cancers. Its efficacy is attributed to its ability to target rapidly dividing cells and modulate immune activity.

How does one know if Zexate is working?

For autoimmune conditions, improvement in symptoms (e.g., reduced joint swelling or skin lesions) indicates efficacy. For cancers, monitoring involves imaging, lab tests, and symptom changes.

How does Zexate work?

Zexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, disrupting DNA synthesis, repair, and replication in rapidly dividing cells. This mechanism underpins its effects in cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Who should avoid taking Zexate?

Zexate Contraindications include:

Pregnancy (for non-cancer indications).

Severe hypersensitivity to Zexate.

Severe liver or kidney impairment.

Active infections or immunodeficiency.

Can I take Zexate with vitamins or supplements?

Tell your doctor about all the medicines, vitamins, and herbal things you take, even if they're not prescribed. This is important if you're taking Zexate. This helps your doctor make sure there are no problems when you take Zexate with other things.

 

Can I take Zexate with other prescription drugs?

Certain drugs, like NSAIDs, penicillins, and proton pump inhibitors, can increase Zexate’s toxicity. Inform your healthcare provider about all medications to avoid harmful interactions.

Can Zexate be taken safely while pregnant?

No, Zexate is contraindicated during pregnancy for non-cancer indications due to high risks of fetal harm, including birth defects and fetal death. Effective contraception is required during treatment and for six months after stopping Zexate.

Can Zexate be taken safely while breastfeeding?

If you're taking Zexate , don't breastfeed during treatment and for a week after you finish. The medicine in Zexate can get into breast milk and harm your baby.

 

Is Zexate safe for the elderly?

Elderly patients may be at higher risk of adverse effects due to age-related kidney function decline. Close monitoring and dose adjustments are advised.

How should I store Zexate?

Keep the medicine Zexate at room temperature (between 68°F and 77°F). Once opened, use it within 3 months. Keep the bottle closed tight. Throw away the medicine, bottle, and any used syringes properly—don't put them in the trash or toilet.

 

Does Zexate make people tired or drowsy?

Fatigue and malaise are common side effects. If these occur, consult your doctor and avoid activities like driving if affected.

Does Zexate cause stomach upset?

Nausea and vomiting occur in up to 10% of patients. To manage, take the medication with food and consult your doctor for symptomatic treatments.

Does Zexate affect sleep?

Sleep disturbances are not common. If experienced, consult your healthcare provider.

Does Zexate make it hard to think or concentrate?

Cognitive effects like dizziness and transient cognitive dysfunction are rare. If these occur, report to your doctor.

Does Zexate affect mood?

Mood alterations have been reported. Notify your healthcare provider if you experience significant mood changes.

Does Zexate interfere with sexual function?

Zexate may reduce libido or cause menstrual irregularities. If this is a concern, consult your doctor.

Does Zexate affect appetite?

Loss of appetite may occur. Ensure adequate nutrition and inform your doctor if this persists.

Does Zexate cause weight gain?

Zexate might make you gain weight. If your weight changes while you're taking it, tell your doctor right away.

 

Does Zexate cause headaches?

Headaches are infrequent but may occur. If persistent or severe, consult your doctor.

Does Zexate limit driving?

Zexate can sometimes cause nerve problems that get worse over time and may not go away. These problems could be serious, even life-threatening. If you find it hard to drive safely while on this medicine, stop driving right away and call your doctor.

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Zexate?

If you're taking the medicine Zexate, tell your doctor how much alcohol you drink, and if that amount changes. This is important for your safety and to make sure the medicine works correctly.

 

Is it safe to drink coffee or tea while taking Zexate?

Caffeinated beverages like coffee and tea do not affect Zexate’s safety or effectiveness.

Is it safe to exercise while taking Zexate?

Yes, unless fatigue or other side effects limit your ability. Discuss with your doctor if you have concerns.

What are Zexate possible harms and risks?

Zexate pills can cause mouth sores and low blood cell counts. Taking too much, even accidentally, can be very dangerous and even deadly. It can also harm a baby if you're pregnant, and it's not certain if you'll be able to have children after taking it. Follow your doctor's instructions exactly.