Quinapril
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DRUG STATUS
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
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Quinapril
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Click HereSummary
Quinapril is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure. It helps to lower blood pressure, reducing the risk of strokes and heart attacks. In heart failure, Quinapril improves symptoms and exercise tolerance.
Quinapril works by inhibiting a chemical called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). This reduces the production of angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure. By inhibiting ACE, Quinapril helps to widen blood vessels, decrease blood pressure, and reduce the workload on the heart.
For adults, the usual starting dose for hypertension is 10 or 20 mg once daily. For heart failure, the starting dose is 5 mg twice daily. The dose may be adjusted based on the patient's response. Quinapril is taken orally and can be taken with or without food.
Common side effects of Quinapril include dizziness, headache, fatigue, and cough. Serious but rare side effects can include angioedema (swelling) and significant drops in blood pressure.
Quinapril is contraindicated in patients with a history of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor treatment and in those with hypersensitivity to the drug. It should not be used during pregnancy due to the risk of fetal harm. Caution is advised in patients with renal (kidney) impairment, liver disease or those taking diuretics.
Indications and Purpose
What is Quinapril used for?
Quinapril is indicated for the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure. It helps lower blood pressure, reducing the risk of strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used as an adjunctive therapy in heart failure to improve symptoms and exercise tolerance.
How does Quinapril work?
Quinapril is converted into its active form, quinaprilat, which inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). This enzyme is responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels. By inhibiting ACE, Quinapril helps relax blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and improving heart function.
Is Quinapril effective?
Quinapril is an ACE inhibitor that effectively lowers blood pressure by reducing certain chemicals that tighten blood vessels. It has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events like strokes and heart attacks. Clinical trials have demonstrated its effectiveness in managing hypertension and heart failure, providing significant blood pressure reduction and improved heart function.
How does one know if Quinapril is working?
The benefit of Quinapril is evaluated by regularly monitoring blood pressure to ensure it is within the target range. Your doctor may also order lab tests to check kidney function and electrolyte levels. Regular follow-up appointments are important to assess the effectiveness and adjust the dosage if necessary.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Quinapril?
For adults, the usual starting dose of Quinapril for hypertension is 10 or 20 mg once daily, which can be adjusted based on blood pressure response. For heart failure, the starting dose is 5 mg twice daily, which can be increased to 20-40 mg daily in divided doses. Quinapril is not recommended for children as its safety and efficacy have not been established in this age group.
How do I take Quinapril?
Quinapril can be taken with or without food, but it's best to take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels. Avoid using salt substitutes containing potassium unless advised by your doctor. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding dosage and dietary restrictions.
For how long do I take Quinapril?
Quinapril is typically used as a long-term treatment for managing high blood pressure and heart failure. It is important to continue taking it even if you feel well, as it helps control blood pressure and prevent complications. Always follow your doctor's instructions regarding the duration of use.
How long does it take for Quinapril to start working?
Quinapril begins to lower blood pressure within one hour of administration, with peak effects usually occurring between two to four hours after dosing. However, it may take up to two weeks to achieve maximum blood pressure-lowering effects. Always follow your doctor's instructions and continue taking the medication as prescribed.
How should I store Quinapril?
Store Quinapril in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature away from light, excess heat, and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children. Do not store it in the bathroom. Dispose of unneeded medication through a take-back program to prevent accidental ingestion by children or pets.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Quinapril?
Quinapril should not be used during pregnancy as it can harm the fetus. It is contraindicated in patients with a history of angioedema related to ACE inhibitors and those with hypersensitivity to the drug. Caution is advised for patients with renal impairment, and it should not be combined with certain medications like aliskiren in diabetic patients. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.
Can I take Quinapril with other prescription drugs?
Quinapril can interact with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which may reduce its effectiveness. It should not be taken with aliskiren in diabetic patients. Caution is advised when used with potassium supplements or diuretics, as it may increase potassium levels. Always inform your doctor of all medications you are taking to avoid interactions.
Can I take Quinapril with vitamins or supplements?
Quinapril can interact with potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium, potentially leading to high potassium levels. It's important to consult your doctor before taking any new vitamins or supplements while on Quinapril to avoid adverse interactions.
Can Quinapril be taken safely while pregnant?
Quinapril is not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, as it can harm the fetus, leading to complications like kidney failure, skull hypoplasia, and even death. If pregnancy is detected, Quinapril should be discontinued immediately. Consult your doctor for alternative treatments.
Can Quinapril be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Quinapril is secreted in human milk, so caution is advised when administering it to nursing mothers. It's important to consult a healthcare provider to weigh the benefits and risks of continuing the medication while breastfeeding.
Is Quinapril safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may have decreased renal function, which can affect how Quinapril is processed in the body. Therefore, it's important to start at a lower dose and adjust based on response and tolerance. Regular monitoring of kidney function is recommended. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Quinapril?
Quinapril does not typically limit the ability to exercise. However, it can cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dose. If you experience these symptoms, it may be best to avoid strenuous activities until you know how the medication affects you. Consult your doctor if you have concerns about exercising while on Quinapril.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Quinapril?
Drinking alcohol while taking Quinapril can increase the risk of certain side effects, such as dizziness or lightheadedness, because both alcohol and Quinapril can lower blood pressure. It's advisable to limit alcohol consumption and discuss with your doctor how much alcohol is safe for you while taking this medication.