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Loratadine

Perennial Allergic Rhinitis, Urticaria

DRUG STATUS

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Government Approvals

US(FDA), UK(BNF)

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WHO Essential Medicine

YES

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Known Teratogen

No

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Pharmaceutical Class

Histamine-1 Receptor Antagonist

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Drug Ingredient

Loratadine

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Summary

  • Loratadine is used to treat allergies such as hay fever, hives, and other allergic reactions. It helps relieve symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes and skin rashes caused by allergens like pollen, dust, pet dander, and insect bites.

  • Loratadine is an antihistamine. It works by blocking histamine, a chemical in the body that is released during an allergic reaction and causes symptoms like sneezing, itching and inflammation.

  • For adults and children over 12 years, the usual dose is 10 mg once daily. For children aged 2-12 years, the dose depends on weight. Those under 30 kg take 5 mg once daily, and those over 30 kg take 10 mg once daily.

  • Common side effects include headache, dry mouth, and rare instances of drowsiness. Less common effects are stomach upset, fast heartbeat, or liver problems in rare cases.

  • People with severe liver disease, those allergic to Loratadine, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and children under 2 years old should avoid Loratadine. If you have kidney or liver issues, take Loratadine under medical supervision.

Indications and Purpose

What is Loratadine used for?

Loratadine treats allergic conditions like hay fever (sneezing, itchy nose, watery eyes) and chronic urticaria (hives). It helps relieve runny nose, nasal congestion, and skin itching caused by allergens like pollen, dust, pet dander, and insect bites. It does not treat severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis.

How does Loratadine work?

Loratadine is an antihistamine that blocks H1 histamine receptors in the body. Histamine is released during an allergic reaction, causing swelling, itching, and inflammation. By blocking this action, loratadine helps prevent and reduce allergy symptoms.

Is Loratadine effective?

Yes, studies show loratadine is highly effective in treating seasonal and chronic allergies. It significantly reduces sneezing, runny nose, itching, and hives with minimal drowsiness. Compared to older antihistamines like diphenhydramine, loratadine provides longer-lasting relief with fewer side effects.

How does one know if Loratadine is working?

If loratadine is working, allergy symptoms improve within a few hours. You’ll experience less sneezing, itching, and watery eyes. If symptoms do not improve within a few days, or if they worsen, consult your doctor.

Directions for Use

What is the usual dose of Loratadine?

For adults and children over 12 years, the usual dose is 10 mg once daily. For children aged 2–12 years, the dose depends on weight:

  • Under 30 kg (66 lbs): 5 mg once daily
  • Over 30 kg (66 lbs): 10 mg once dailyFor older adults or people with liver issues, a lower dose may be recommended.

How do I take Loratadine?

Loratadine is taken once daily, with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew it. If using liquid form, measure the dose with a medical spoon. Avoid grapefruit juice, as it may interfere with absorption. Always follow the instructions given by your doctor or pharmacist.

For how long do I take Loratadine?

Loratadine is usually taken as needed for seasonal allergies or daily for chronic allergies. If you have ongoing allergies, your doctor may recommend long-term use. However, do not exceed the prescribed duration without consulting a doctor, especially in children.

How long does it take for Loratadine to start working?

Loratadine usually starts working within 1 to 3 hours after taking a dose. The maximum effect is felt within 8 to 12 hours, and relief lasts for 24 hours. It works faster if taken regularly rather than occasionally.

How should I store Loratadine?

Store loratadine at room temperature (15–30°C) in a dry place, away from moisture and heat. Keep it out of reach of children. Do not use expired medicine, and properly discard unused tablets.

Warnings and Precautions

Who should avoid taking Loratadine?

People who should avoid loratadine include:

  • Those with severe liver disease
  • Those allergic to loratadine
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women (consult a doctor)
  • Children under 2 years old (without medical advice)

If you have kidney or liver issues, take loratadine under medical supervision.

Can I take Loratadine with other prescription drugs?

Loratadine is generally safe with most medications but may interact with:

  • Ketoconazole, erythromycin, or cimetidine (increase loratadine levels)
  • CNS depressants (e.g., sleeping pills, alcohol) (increase drowsiness)
  • Other antihistamines (can cause overdose effects)Always inform your doctor about any medications you're taking.

Can I take Loratadine with vitamins or supplements?

Yes, loratadine can be taken with most vitamins and supplements. However, avoid combining it with grapefruit juice or St. John’s Wort, as these may affect how the medicine works. If taking herbal supplements for allergies, consult your doctor before use.

Can Loratadine be taken safely while pregnant?

Loratadine is considered safe during pregnancy, but only if prescribed. Some studies suggest low risk to the baby, but it should only be used when benefits outweigh risks. Pregnant women should consult their doctor before taking loratadine.

Can Loratadine be taken safely while breastfeeding?

Loratadine is excreted in breast milk in small amounts. Most studies suggest it is safe for breastfeeding mothers, as it does not cause drowsiness in babies. However, it’s best to take the lowest effective dose and consult a doctor before use.

Is Loratadine safe for the elderly?

Yes, loratadine is generally safe for older adults. However, seniors with kidney or liver problems may need a lower dose to prevent drug buildup in the body. If dizziness, confusion, or fast heartbeat occurs, consult a doctor.

Is it safe to exercise while taking Loratadine?

Yes, it is safe to exercise while taking loratadine. Unlike some allergy medications, loratadine does not cause excessive drowsiness or muscle weakness. If you experience dizziness or rapid heartbeat, take a break and hydrate properly. If symptoms persist, consult a doctor.

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Loratadine?

It is generally safe to drink small amounts of alcohol while taking loratadine, but excessive drinking may increase the risk of drowsiness or dizziness. If you feel sleepy after taking loratadine, avoid alcohol to prevent worsening the effect. Moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to cause serious problems.