Indapamide
Hypertension, Heart Failure ... show more
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DRUG STATUS
Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
Essential Medicine
NO
Teratogenicity
Unlisted
Pharmaceutical Class
Thiazide-like Diuretic
Indapamide
Know More About This Medicine -
Click HereSummary
Indapamide is primarily used to treat high blood pressure, also known as hypertension, and fluid retention, or edema, related to heart failure. By reducing excess fluid in the body, it helps the heart work more efficiently and lowers the risk of complications like strokes, heart attacks, and kidney disease.
Indapamide works by reducing sodium absorption in the kidneys, leading to increased urine output. This helps lower blood pressure and decrease swelling. Unlike some other diuretics, it has a lower risk of causing potassium imbalance.
For high blood pressure, adults typically take 1.25 mg to 2.5 mg of Indapamide once daily. For fluid retention caused by heart failure, the usual dose can go up to 5 mg daily. It's not commonly prescribed for children unless a doctor specifically recommends it.
Common side effects include dizziness, headache, nausea, dry mouth, muscle cramps, and fatigue. Serious but rare risks include low potassium or sodium levels, dehydration, and irregular heartbeats. In some cases, it may cause an increase in blood sugar levels.
People with severe kidney or liver disease, low potassium or sodium levels, or a sulfa allergy should avoid Indapamide. It should also be used cautiously in pregnant women and diabetic patients. Those with gout or a history of severe dehydration should consult a doctor before using it.
Indications and Purpose
What is Indapamide used for?
Indapamide is primarily prescribed for hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema (fluid retention) related to heart failure. By reducing excess fluid in the body, it helps the heart work more efficiently and lowers the risk of complications like strokes, heart attacks, and kidney disease. It is sometimes used in combination with other antihypertensive drugs.
How does Indapamide work?
Indapamide works by blocking sodium absorption in the kidneys, leading to increased urine production and the removal of excess fluid from the body. This helps reduce blood pressure and relieve swelling. Additionally, it relaxes blood vessels, further aiding in blood pressure reduction without causing significant potassium loss, unlike some other diuretics.
Is Indapamide effective?
Yes, indapamide has been proven highly effective in treating hypertension and heart failure-related edema. Clinical studies have shown that it significantly lowers blood pressure while minimizing potassium loss compared to traditional diuretics. It is often preferred due to its long duration of action and lower risk of side effects like electrolyte imbalances.
How does one know if Indapamide is working?
You will notice a gradual decrease in blood pressure if taking indapamide for hypertension. For edema, you may observe less swelling in the legs or reduced shortness of breath. Regular blood pressure checks and doctor consultations help confirm that the medication is working as expected. Blood tests may be conducted to monitor electrolyte levels.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Indapamide?
For hypertension, adults typically take 1.25 mg to 2.5 mg once daily. For edema caused by heart failure, the usual dose can go up to 5 mg daily. The medicine is not commonly prescribed for children unless a doctor specifically recommends it. The dose may be adjusted based on individual response and medical condition.
How do I take Indapamide?
Indapamide should be taken once daily in the morning, either with or without food. Since it is a diuretic, taking it later in the day may cause frequent urination at night, which can disrupt sleep. It is important to stay hydrated while taking this medication. Avoid consuming too much salt, as it may reduce the drug’s effectiveness.
For how long do I take Indapamide?
Indapamide is often a long-term treatment, especially for hypertension. It should be taken continuously as prescribed by a doctor. Stopping the medication suddenly may cause a rise in blood pressure or worsening symptoms of heart failure. Your doctor will periodically evaluate your condition to determine if continued use is necessary.
How long does it take for Indapamide to start working?
Indapamide starts to work within 1 to 2 hours of taking a dose, with peak effects seen in 24 hours. However, the full blood pressure-lowering effect may take several weeks to become noticeable. Edema reduction can be observed sooner. Regular blood pressure monitoring is recommended to assess its effectiveness.
How should I store Indapamide?
Store indapamide at room temperature (20-25°C) in a dry place, away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. Keep the medicine out of reach of children. Do not store it in the bathroom, where humidity could affect its effectiveness. Dispose of expired or unused tablets properly as per pharmacy or local waste disposal guidelines.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Indapamide?
People with severe kidney or liver disease, low potassium or sodium levels, or a sulfa allergy should avoid indapamide. It should also be used cautiously in pregnant women and diabetic patients. Those with gout or a history of severe dehydration should consult a doctor before using it, as it may worsen these conditions.
Can I take Indapamide with other prescription drugs?
Indapamide may interact with NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen), corticosteroids, lithium, digoxin, and some blood pressure medications. Taking it with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may increase the risk of low blood pressure or kidney problems. Always inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking.
Can I take Indapamide with vitamins or supplements?
Avoid potassium supplements unless specifically prescribed, as indapamide may affect potassium levels. Taking calcium or magnesium supplements should also be monitored, as excessive levels can interfere with the drug’s effects. Always inform your doctor about any supplements to avoid possible electrolyte imbalances or drug interactions.
Can Indapamide be taken safely while pregnant?
Indapamide is not recommended during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. It may reduce blood flow to the placenta, potentially harming the baby. If blood pressure needs to be managed during pregnancy, safer alternatives such as methyldopa or labetalol are usually preferred. Consult a doctor before using it during pregnancy.
Can Indapamide be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Indapamide passes into breast milk in small amounts and may reduce milk production. It is usually not recommended for breastfeeding mothers unless absolutely necessary. If a mother needs to take indapamide, alternative feeding methods or switching to another antihypertensive medication should be considered. Consult a doctor before use.
Is Indapamide safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients can take indapamide, but they are at higher risk of dehydration, dizziness, and low sodium levels. Regular monitoring of kidney function and electrolytes is essential. The starting dose may be lower to prevent excessive blood pressure drops or fluid loss. Doctors usually adjust the dose carefully for elderly patients.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Indapamide?
Yes, but caution is advised, especially for strenuous activities. Indapamide can cause dehydration and low blood pressure, leading to dizziness or fainting during exercise. Drink plenty of fluids, avoid excessive sweating, and monitor for signs of weakness or fatigue. If you feel unwell while exercising, stop and rest.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Indapamide?
Drinking alcohol while taking indapamide can increase dizziness, dehydration, and low blood pressure, leading to fainting. It is best to limit or avoid alcohol while on this medication. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation and monitor how your body reacts.
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