Azathioprine
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ulcerative Colitis ... show more
.svg)
DRUG STATUS
Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
Essential Medicine
YES
Teratogenicity
Unlisted
Pharmaceutical Class
Purine Antimetabolite
Azathioprine
Know More About This Medicine -
Click HereSummary
Azathioprine is used to prevent organ rejection after transplants and to treat autoimmune conditions. These conditions include rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.
Azathioprine works by suppressing the immune system. It inhibits the production of certain immune cells, reducing inflammation and preventing the immune system from attacking the body's own tissues.
Azathioprine is typically taken orally, usually once a day. The starting dose for adults is 1 to 3 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, depending on the condition being treated. For children, the dose is usually calculated based on weight and specific health needs.
Common side effects of Azathioprine include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and hair loss. Serious risks include bone marrow suppression, liver toxicity, and increased risk of infections and certain cancers.
Azathioprine should be avoided by people with a history of severe infections, liver disease, or bone marrow disorders. It's also contraindicated in pregnancy unless absolutely necessary, and special caution is needed in breastfeeding mothers.
Indications and Purpose
What is Azathioprine used for?
Azathioprine is used to prevent organ rejection after transplants and treat autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis by suppressing abnormal immune responses.
How does Azathioprine work?
Azathioprine works by suppressing the immune system, preventing the body from attacking itself in autoimmune diseases and reducing the chances of transplant rejection by limiting immune cell production.
Is Azathioprine effective?
Yes, azathioprine is generally effective in preventing transplant rejection and treating autoimmune conditions by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation. However, its effectiveness varies from person to person.
How does one know if Azathioprine is working?
The effectiveness of azathioprine can be monitored through clinical evaluation, laboratory tests (such as blood work to monitor white blood cell count), and observing the improvement of symptoms related to the treated condition, like inflammation or organ function.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Azathioprine?
The typical starting dose for azathioprine in adults is 1 to 3 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, depending on the condition being treated. For children, the dose is usually calculated based on weight and specific health needs. The dosage may vary according to the patient's response.
How do I take Azathioprine?
Azathioprine is taken orally, usually once a day, with or without food. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage exactly and take the medicine at the same time each day. If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered, but skip it if the next dose is near.
For how long do I take Azathioprine?
The duration of azathioprine treatment depends on the condition being treated. For transplant recipients, it may be long-term to prevent rejection, while for autoimmune diseases, it can be used until disease control is achieved. Follow your doctor's advice regarding the length of treatment.
How long does it take for Azathioprine to start working?
Azathioprine may take several weeks to a few months to show full effects, especially in autoimmune disorders. Its effect on preventing transplant rejection can be seen relatively early but requires continuous monitoring.
How should I store Azathioprine?
Azathioprine should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep it out of the reach of children and dispose of any unused medication according to your pharmacist’s advice.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Azathioprine?
Azathioprine should be avoided by people with a history of severe infections, liver disease, or bone marrow disorders. It's also contraindicated in pregnancy unless absolutely necessary, and special caution is needed in breastfeeding mothers.
Can I take Azathioprine with other prescription drugs?
Azathioprine can interact with other immunosuppressive drugs, certain antibiotics, and medications that affect liver enzymes. Discuss all other prescriptions with your doctor to avoid harmful interactions.
Can I take Azathioprine with vitamins or supplements?
Azathioprine may interact with certain supplements, such as folic acid, which can reduce its effectiveness. It is important to consult your doctor about any vitamins or supplements to avoid interactions.
Can Azathioprine be taken safely while pregnant?
Azathioprine should only be used during pregnancy if the benefit outweighs the risk, as it can harm the fetus. It's important to consult a healthcare provider for appropriate guidance and monitoring during pregnancy.
Can Azathioprine be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Azathioprine may be passed into breast milk, and while some studies suggest it may be safe in small amounts, breastfeeding while on this medication should be discussed with a doctor to weigh potential risks.
Is Azathioprine safe for the elderly?
Azathioprine should be used with caution in elderly patients, who may be more susceptible to side effects like bone marrow suppression and liver toxicity. Close monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary for this age group.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Azathioprine?
Moderate exercise is generally safe while taking azathioprine, but be cautious of infections or fatigue. Always discuss your exercise plans with your doctor to ensure it's safe given your condition and treatment.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Azathioprine?
Drinking alcohol while taking azathioprine should be avoided as it can increase the risk of liver damage and interfere with the immune-suppressing effects. Limit or avoid alcohol and consult your doctor for guidance.
Forms / Brands
