Opicapone
Parkinson Disease
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
NO
Pharmaceutical Class
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
NO
Opicapone
Summary
Opicapone is used as a long-term treatment for Parkinson's disease. It is specifically used to manage 'wearing-off' symptoms, which are periods when the effects of other Parkinson's medications wear off before the next dose is due.
Opicapone works by inhibiting an enzyme called catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). This enzyme is responsible for breaking down another medication called levodopa. By inhibiting COMT, Opicapone allows more levodopa to reach the brain, which helps to improve motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
The usual dose for adults is 50 mg, taken orally once daily at bedtime. It should be taken at least 1 hour before or after eating to ensure optimal absorption and effectiveness.
Common side effects of Opicapone include constipation, dry mouth, and dyskinesia. Serious side effects can include hallucinations, delusions, and aggressive behavior. If you experience these side effects, you should consult your doctor.
Opicapone should not be used with nonselective MAO inhibitors or by patients with pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma due to potential risks. It may cause drowsiness or sudden sleep episodes, making it unsafe to drive or operate machinery. It is also not confirmed safe for use in pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, or children.
Indications and Purpose
How does Opicapone work?
Opicapone is a selective and reversible inhibitor of the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). By inhibiting COMT, it reduces the breakdown of levodopa, allowing more of it to reach the brain and improve motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
Is Opicapone effective?
Opicapone has been shown to effectively reduce 'off' episodes in patients with Parkinson's disease when used with levodopa/carbidopa. Clinical trials demonstrated significant reductions in 'off' time and improvements in 'on' time without troublesome dyskinesia.
What is Opicapone?
Opicapone is used with levodopa and carbidopa to treat 'wearing-off' symptoms in Parkinson's disease. It works by inhibiting the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), allowing more levodopa to reach the brain, enhancing its effects and reducing 'off' episodes.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Opicapone?
Opicapone is used as a long-term treatment for Parkinson's disease to manage 'wearing-off' symptoms. It should be taken continuously as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel well, to maintain its effectiveness.
How do I take Opicapone?
Opicapone should be taken once daily at bedtime, at least 1 hour before or after eating. Avoid eating food for 1 hour before and after taking Opicapone to ensure optimal absorption and effectiveness.
How should I store Opicapone?
Store Opicapone in its original container, tightly closed, at room temperature away from light, excess heat, and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children and dispose of it properly through a take-back program if no longer needed.
What is the usual dose of Opicapone?
The usual daily dose for adults is 50 mg taken orally once daily at bedtime. There is no established dose for children as the safety and effectiveness of Opicapone in pediatric patients have not been established.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Opicapone with other prescription drugs?
Opicapone should not be used with non-selective MAO inhibitors due to the risk of increased catecholamine levels. Caution is advised when used with drugs metabolized by COMT, as it may affect their pharmacokinetics and increase the risk of cardiovascular effects.
Can Opicapone be taken safely while breastfeeding?
There is no data on the presence of Opicapone in human milk. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for Opicapone and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant.
Can Opicapone be taken safely while pregnant?
There are no adequate data on the use of Opicapone in pregnant women. Animal studies have shown adverse effects on embryofetal development. Opicapone should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Opicapone?
Drinking alcohol can increase the drowsiness caused by Opicapone. It is important to inform your doctor if you regularly consume alcoholic beverages, as it may affect your ability to perform tasks that require alertness, such as driving.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Opicapone?
Opicapone does not specifically limit the ability to exercise. However, side effects like dizziness, drowsiness, or sudden sleep episodes may affect your ability to exercise safely. Consult your doctor if you experience these symptoms.
Is Opicapone safe for the elderly?
No dose adjustment is required for elderly patients. However, greater sensitivity to adverse reactions in some older individuals cannot be ruled out. It is important to monitor for side effects and consult a doctor if any concerns arise.
Who should avoid taking Opicapone?
Opicapone is contraindicated in patients with pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, or those taking non-selective MAO inhibitors. It may cause drowsiness, hallucinations, and impulse control disorders. Patients should be monitored for these side effects and consult their doctor if they occur.