Naloxegol
Constipation
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
Opioid Antagonist
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Naloxegol
Summary
Naloxegol is used to treat opioid-induced constipation, which is constipation caused by opioid pain medications. It is prescribed when laxatives haven't provided enough relief, helping to restore normal bowel function.
Naloxegol works by blocking opioid receptors in the gut, which are parts of the body that respond to opioids, allowing normal bowel movements without affecting pain relief. This helps relieve constipation caused by opioids.
The usual starting dose of Naloxegol for adults is 25 mg once daily in the morning. If side effects occur, the dose may be reduced to 12.5 mg daily. It should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
Common side effects of Naloxegol include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea, which are feelings of discomfort in the stomach, loose stools, and feeling sick, respectively. These effects are usually mild to moderate and affect more than 10% of users.
Naloxegol should not be used if you have a known allergy to it or its ingredients, or if you have a bowel obstruction, which is a blockage in the intestines. It may cause severe stomach pain or diarrhea, requiring immediate medical attention.
Indications and Purpose
How does Naloxegol work?
Naloxegol works by blocking opioid receptors in the gut, which prevents opioids from causing constipation. Think of it like a gatekeeper that stops opioids from slowing down your digestive system. This allows your bowels to function normally, relieving constipation without affecting pain relief. Naloxegol is effective for people with opioid-induced constipation.
Is Naloxegol effective?
Naloxegol is effective for treating opioid-induced constipation, which is constipation caused by opioid pain medications. It works by blocking opioid effects in the gut, allowing normal bowel movements. Clinical studies show Naloxegol significantly improves bowel function in people with this condition. If you have concerns about its effectiveness, discuss them with your doctor.
What is Naloxegol?
Naloxegol is a medication used to treat opioid-induced constipation, which is constipation caused by opioid pain medications. It belongs to a class of drugs called peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists. Naloxegol works by blocking opioid effects in the gut, allowing normal bowel movements without affecting pain relief. It's used when laxatives haven't provided enough relief.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Naloxegol?
Naloxegol is usually used for short-term treatment of opioid-induced constipation. The duration of use depends on your condition and response to treatment. Your doctor will guide you on how long to take Naloxegol based on your specific needs. Always follow your doctor's instructions and discuss any concerns about the duration of your treatment.
How do I dispose of Naloxegol?
Dispose of Naloxegol by taking it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. If these options aren't available, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix the medication with something undesirable, like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and then throw it away. This helps prevent accidental ingestion or environmental harm.
How do I take Naloxegol?
Take Naloxegol once daily in the morning on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush or chew it. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's close to your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once. Avoid grapefruit juice while taking Naloxegol, as it can affect how the medicine works. Always follow your doctor's instructions.
How long does it take for Naloxegol to start working?
Naloxegol typically starts working within 6 to 12 hours after taking it. The full therapeutic effect may be seen within a few days. Individual factors like your overall health and the severity of your constipation can affect how quickly you notice results. Take Naloxegol exactly as prescribed for the best results.
How should I store Naloxegol?
Store Naloxegol at room temperature, between 68°F to 77°F, in a tightly closed container to protect it from moisture and light. Do not store it in humid places like bathrooms. Keep it out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion. Check the expiration date regularly and dispose of any unused or expired medication properly.
What is the usual dose of Naloxegol?
The usual starting dose of Naloxegol for adults is 25 mg once daily in the morning. If you experience side effects, your doctor may reduce the dose to 12.5 mg daily. Naloxegol is not recommended for children. Elderly patients or those with kidney problems may require dose adjustments. Always follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Naloxegol with other prescription drugs?
Naloxegol can interact with other medications, especially those that affect the liver enzyme CYP3A4, which can alter its effectiveness. Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, like ketoconazole, can increase Naloxegol levels, leading to more side effects. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking to avoid interactions. They can adjust your treatment to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Can Naloxegol be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Naloxegol is not recommended while breastfeeding. It's unclear if it passes into human breast milk, but animal studies show it can appear in milk. This raises concerns about potential effects on a nursing infant. If you're breastfeeding, talk with your doctor about safer medication options that allow you to nurse safely.
Can Naloxegol be taken safely while pregnant?
Naloxegol is not recommended during pregnancy due to limited safety data. Animal studies suggest potential risks, but human data is lacking. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss with your doctor the safest way to manage your condition. They can help create a treatment plan that protects both you and your baby.
Does Naloxegol have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Naloxegol include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea. These occur in more than 10% of users. Serious adverse effects, like severe stomach pain or allergic reactions, are rare but require immediate medical attention. Always inform your doctor about any new or worsening symptoms while taking Naloxegol.
Does Naloxegol have any safety warnings?
Yes, Naloxegol has important safety warnings. It can cause severe stomach pain or diarrhea, especially if you have a history of bowel obstruction. If you experience these symptoms, seek medical help immediately. Naloxegol may also cause withdrawal symptoms in people who are physically dependent on opioids. Always follow your doctor's instructions and inform them of any side effects. Not adhering to safety warnings can lead to serious health issues.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Naloxegol?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Naloxegol. Alcohol can increase the risk of dehydration and worsen side effects like dizziness or stomach upset. If you choose to drink, limit your intake and watch for symptoms like nausea or dizziness. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Naloxegol for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Naloxegol?
You can exercise while taking Naloxegol, but be mindful of side effects like stomach upset or dizziness. These might affect your exercise capacity. To exercise safely, stay hydrated and avoid strenuous activities if you feel unwell. If you experience symptoms like dizziness or unusual fatigue, slow down or stop exercising and rest. Consult your doctor if you have concerns.
Is it safe to stop Naloxegol?
Naloxegol is usually used for short-term relief of opioid-induced constipation. Stopping it suddenly is generally safe, but your constipation may return. If you have been using it for a long time, consult your doctor before stopping. They can provide guidance on managing your symptoms and suggest alternative treatments if needed.
Is Naloxegol addictive?
Naloxegol is not addictive or habit-forming. It doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Naloxegol works by blocking opioid effects in the gut to relieve constipation without affecting the brain. This mechanism doesn't lead to addiction. If you have concerns about medication dependence, discuss them with your doctor.
Is Naloxegol safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals may be more vulnerable to side effects of Naloxegol, such as dehydration or gastrointestinal issues. It's important for older adults to be monitored closely by their healthcare provider while taking this medication. If you are elderly and taking Naloxegol, discuss any concerns with your doctor to ensure safe and effective use.
What are the most common side effects of Naloxegol?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Naloxegol include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea, affecting more than 10% of users. These symptoms are usually mild and may improve over time. If you experience severe or persistent side effects, contact your doctor. They can help determine if the symptoms are related to Naloxegol or another cause.
Who should avoid taking Naloxegol?
Do not use Naloxegol if you have a known allergy to it or its ingredients. It's contraindicated in people with bowel obstruction, which is a blockage in the intestines, due to severe risks. Use caution if you have a history of gastrointestinal issues. Always consult your doctor before starting Naloxegol to ensure it's safe for you.
