Erlotinib
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
YES
Known Teratogen
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Kinase Inhibitor
Controlled Drug Substance
No
Erlotinib
Summary
Erlotinib is used to treat advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in patients with specific EGFR mutations. It's also prescribed for pancreatic cancer, often in combination with another drug called gemcitabine.
Erlotinib works by blocking a protein called epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This protein helps cancer cells grow. By inhibiting EGFR, Erlotinib slows or stops the growth of cancer cells.
For non-small cell lung cancer, the usual dose is 150 mg once daily, taken on an empty stomach. For pancreatic cancer, the dose is 100 mg once daily, usually combined with gemcitabine. The dosage may change based on the individual's response and their kidney or liver function.
Common side effects of Erlotinib include rash, diarrhea, nausea, loss of appetite, and fatigue. Serious risks include lung inflammation, liver problems, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Some people may also experience severe skin reactions or eye irritation.
Erlotinib is not safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women as it can harm the baby. It interacts with certain medications and supplements, potentially reducing its effectiveness or increasing side effects. People allergic to Erlotinib, those with severe liver disease, lung fibrosis, or gastrointestinal ulcers should exercise caution. Smoking should be avoided as it reduces the effectiveness of Erlotinib.
Indications and Purpose
How does Erlotinib work?
Erlotinib works by blocking a protein called epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which helps cancer cells grow and divide. Think of it like turning off a switch that powers cancer cell growth. By inhibiting EGFR, Erlotinib slows or stops the growth of cancer cells. This action helps treat certain cancers, like non-small cell lung cancer, by reducing tumor size and slowing disease progression.
Is Erlotinib effective?
Erlotinib is effective for treating certain types of cancer, such as non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. It works by blocking a protein that helps cancer cells grow. Clinical studies show Erlotinib can improve survival rates and slow disease progression in these cancers. Your doctor will monitor your response to the medication through regular check-ups and tests to ensure it's working effectively for your condition.
What is Erlotinib?
Erlotinib is a medication used to treat certain types of cancer, such as non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs called tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which block proteins that help cancer cells grow. By inhibiting these proteins, Erlotinib can slow or stop the growth of cancer cells. It's often used as a complementary addition to other cancer therapies, depending on the specific condition.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Erlotinib?
Erlotinib is usually taken long-term for managing certain cancers, like non-small cell lung cancer. The duration depends on your response to treatment and any side effects. Your doctor will monitor your progress and adjust your treatment plan as needed. Always talk with your doctor before changing or stopping Erlotinib. They can provide guidance on the appropriate duration of use for your specific condition.
How do I dispose of Erlotinib?
Dispose of Erlotinib by taking it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and throw it away.
How do I take Erlotinib?
Take Erlotinib on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after eating. It's usually taken once daily. Do not crush or chew the tablet. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Avoid taking two doses at once. Follow your doctor's specific instructions for taking Erlotinib.
How long does it take for Erlotinib to start working?
Erlotinib starts working in your body shortly after you take it, but the full therapeutic effect may take several weeks to become noticeable. The time it takes to see results can vary based on individual factors like the type and stage of cancer, overall health, and response to treatment. Regular check-ups and tests with your doctor will help monitor the medication's effectiveness and adjust your treatment plan as needed.
How should I store Erlotinib?
Store Erlotinib at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in its original container, tightly closed. Avoid storing it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect the medication's effectiveness. If your pills came in packaging that isn't child-resistant, transfer them to a container that children can't easily open. Always store Erlotinib out of children's reach to prevent accidental ingestion.
What is the usual dose of Erlotinib?
The usual starting dose of Erlotinib for adults is 150 mg once daily, taken on an empty stomach. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and any side effects. It's important to follow your doctor's specific dosing instructions. Dose adjustments may be necessary for special populations, such as those with liver problems. Always consult your doctor for personalized dosing guidance.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Erlotinib be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Erlotinib is not recommended while breastfeeding. Limited information is available on whether it passes into breast milk. Potential risks to the breastfed infant are unknown. If you're taking Erlotinib and want to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about safer medication options. They can help you choose a treatment that allows you to nurse your baby safely while managing your health condition.
Can Erlotinib be taken safely while pregnant?
Erlotinib is not recommended during pregnancy. Limited evidence exists on its safety, but it may harm an unborn baby. Animal studies suggest potential risks, but human data is lacking. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about safer treatment options. They can help create a plan that protects both you and your baby while managing your health condition.
Can I take Erlotinib with other prescription drugs?
Erlotinib can interact with certain medications, increasing the risk of side effects or reducing its effectiveness. For example, proton pump inhibitors, which reduce stomach acid, can decrease Erlotinib's absorption. Blood thinners like warfarin may increase bleeding risk when taken with Erlotinib. Always inform your doctor about all medications you're taking. They can help manage potential interactions and adjust your treatment plan to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Does Erlotinib have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Erlotinib include rash, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. These occur in more than 10% of users. Serious effects like lung or liver problems are less common but require immediate medical attention. If you notice new or worsening symptoms, contact your doctor. They can help manage side effects and adjust your treatment if necessary.
Does Erlotinib have any safety warnings?
Yes, Erlotinib has important safety warnings. It can cause serious lung problems, liver damage, and gastrointestinal perforations, which are holes in the stomach or intestines. If you experience symptoms like difficulty breathing, severe abdominal pain, or yellowing of the skin, seek medical help immediately. Not adhering to these warnings can lead to severe health consequences. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms.
Is Erlotinib addictive?
Erlotinib is not addictive or habit-forming. It doesn't cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Erlotinib works by targeting specific proteins in cancer cells, not affecting brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed. If you have concerns about medication dependence, Erlotinib doesn't carry this risk.
Is Erlotinib safe for the elderly?
Elderly individuals are more vulnerable to the side effects of Erlotinib, such as diarrhea and rash. These side effects can be more severe in older adults. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is important to manage any adverse effects. Dose adjustments may be necessary based on the individual's health status. Always consult with a doctor to ensure Erlotinib is safe and effective for elderly patients.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Erlotinib?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Erlotinib. Alcohol can increase the risk of liver damage, which is a potential side effect of Erlotinib. Drinking alcohol may also worsen other side effects like nausea or dizziness. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and watch for warning signs like unusual fatigue or abdominal pain. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Erlotinib.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Erlotinib?
You can exercise while taking Erlotinib, but be mindful of your body's response. This medication can cause fatigue and weakness, which might affect your exercise capacity. If you feel dizzy or unusually tired during physical activity, slow down or stop and rest. Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated. Most people can maintain their regular exercise routine, but check with your doctor if you have concerns.
Is it safe to stop Erlotinib?
Stopping Erlotinib suddenly can affect your treatment. It's used for long-term management of certain cancers. Stopping without medical advice can lead to disease progression. Always talk with your doctor before stopping Erlotinib. They might suggest a gradual reduction or alternative treatment to maintain control over your condition. Your doctor will help you make any medication changes safely to protect your health.
What are the most common side effects of Erlotinib?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Erlotinib include rash, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. These occur in more than 10% of people taking the medication. If you experience new symptoms after starting Erlotinib, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Always talk with your doctor before stopping any medication. They can help determine if the side effects are related to Erlotinib.
Who should avoid taking Erlotinib?
Erlotinib should not be used if you're allergic to it or its ingredients. Serious allergic reactions require immediate medical help. It's not recommended for people with severe liver problems, as it can worsen liver function. Caution is needed if you have a history of lung or gastrointestinal issues. Always consult your doctor about these concerns before starting Erlotinib. They can help determine if it's safe for you.
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