Apalutamide
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
No
Pharmaceutical Class
NA
Controlled Drug Substance
No
apalutamide
Summary
Apalutamide is used to treat prostate cancer, specifically non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, which is prostate cancer that hasn't spread and doesn't respond to hormone therapy.
Apalutamide works by blocking androgen receptors, which are proteins that male hormones bind to, preventing them from stimulating cancer cell growth.
The usual starting dose of Apalutamide for adults is 240 mg taken once daily, usually in the morning, with or without food.
Common side effects of Apalutamide include fatigue, which is feeling very tired, and hypertension, which is high blood pressure.
Apalutamide can increase the risk of falls and fractures due to dizziness. It should not be used if allergic to it or if there's a history of seizures, which are sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain.
Indications and Purpose
How does Apalutamide work?
Apalutamide works by blocking androgen receptors, which are proteins in the body that androgens, which are male hormones, bind to. This action prevents androgens from stimulating the growth of prostate cancer cells. Think of it like turning off a switch that powers a machine. By blocking these receptors, Apalutamide helps slow down or stop the growth of cancer cells, which can help manage prostate cancer effectively.
Is Apalutamide effective?
Yes, Apalutamide is effective for treating prostate cancer. It works by blocking the action of androgens, which are male hormones that can promote the growth of cancer cells. Clinical studies have shown that Apalutamide can delay the progression of prostate cancer and improve survival rates. It is typically used in combination with other treatments, such as hormone therapy, to enhance its effectiveness. Always follow your doctor's treatment plan for the best results.
What is Apalutamide?
Apalutamide is a medication used to treat prostate cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs called androgen receptor inhibitors, which work by blocking the action of androgens, which are male hormones that can promote the growth of cancer cells. Apalutamide is primarily used to treat non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, which is prostate cancer that has not spread to other parts of the body and does not respond to hormone therapy. It is often used in combination with other treatments to enhance its effectiveness.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Apalutamide?
Apalutamide is usually a long-term medication for managing prostate cancer. You'll typically take it every day as a lifelong treatment unless your doctor suggests otherwise. Stopping this medication without medical advice could cause your condition to worsen. How long you'll need this medication depends on your body's response, any side effects you experience, and changes in your overall health. Always talk with your doctor before changing or stopping your Apalutamide treatment.
How do I dispose of Apalutamide?
To dispose of Apalutamide, take it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. They will dispose of it properly to prevent harm to people or the environment. If you can't find a take-back program, you can throw it in the trash at home. First, remove it from its original container, mix it with something undesirable like used coffee grounds, seal the mixture in a plastic bag, and throw it away.
How do I take Apalutamide?
Take Apalutamide as a once-daily pill, usually in the morning. You can take it with or without food. Do not crush or chew the tablets. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it's close to your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once. Avoid grapefruit juice while on this medication, as it can interfere with how the drug works. Always follow your doctor's specific instructions.
How long does it take for Apalutamide to start working?
Apalutamide begins working in your body shortly after you start taking it, but the full therapeutic effects may take several weeks to become noticeable. The time it takes to work can vary depending on individual factors like your overall health and how your body responds to the medication. Regular monitoring by your doctor, including blood tests to check prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, will help determine how well the medication is working for you.
How should I store Apalutamide?
Store Apalutamide at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in a tightly closed container to protect it from damage. Do not store it in humid places like bathrooms, as moisture can affect how well the medication works. Always keep Apalutamide out of children's reach to prevent accidental swallowing. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication.
What is the usual dose of Apalutamide?
The usual starting dose of Apalutamide for adults is 240 mg taken once daily. This dose is typically maintained unless your doctor advises otherwise. There are no specific dose adjustments for children or the elderly, but elderly patients should be monitored closely due to potential side effects. Always follow your doctor's dosing instructions, as they may adjust your dose based on your response to the medication and any side effects you experience.
Warnings and Precautions
Can Apalutamide be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Apalutamide is not recommended while breastfeeding. There is limited information on whether this medication passes into human breast milk. However, due to potential risks to the breastfed infant, it is advised to avoid breastfeeding while taking Apalutamide. If you are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about safer medication options that would allow you to nurse your baby safely.
Can Apalutamide be taken safely while pregnant?
Apalutamide is not recommended during pregnancy. There is limited evidence on the safety of most medicines during pregnancy, and Apalutamide can harm an unborn baby. It is important to avoid pregnancy while taking this medication. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, talk with your doctor about alternative treatments. They can help create a treatment plan that is safe for both you and your baby.
Can I take Apalutamide with other prescription drugs?
Apalutamide has several concerning drug interactions. It can interact with medications like warfarin, which is a blood thinner, increasing the risk of bleeding. It may also interact with certain seizure medications, reducing their effectiveness. Always inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions. Your doctor can adjust your treatment plan to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Does Apalutamide have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Apalutamide include fatigue, which is feeling very tired, and hypertension, which is high blood pressure. These effects can vary in frequency and severity. Serious side effects include seizures, which are sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain. If you experience any adverse effects, contact your doctor. They can help manage these effects and adjust your treatment if necessary.
Does Apalutamide have any safety warnings?
Yes, Apalutamide has important safety warnings. It can increase the risk of falls and fractures, which are breaks in bones. This is due to its potential to cause dizziness or balance issues. Apalutamide can also lower blood cell counts, which may increase infection risk. Not following these warnings can lead to serious health issues. Always adhere to your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms immediately.
Is Apalutamide addictive?
No, Apalutamide is not addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. Apalutamide works by blocking certain proteins in the body to treat prostate cancer, and this mechanism does not affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. You won't experience cravings for this medication or feel compelled to take more than prescribed.
Is Apalutamide safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients are more vulnerable to the safety risks of Apalutamide due to age-related changes in the body. Apalutamide is generally safe for the elderly, but they may experience side effects like fatigue, which is feeling very tired, and falls, which are more common in older adults. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is important to manage these risks. Always follow your doctor's advice and report any unusual symptoms immediately.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Apalutamide?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Apalutamide. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like dizziness, which is feeling lightheaded or unsteady. This can interfere with your ability to perform tasks that require focus, such as driving. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and watch for any warning signs like increased dizziness or nausea. Talk with your doctor about alcohol use while taking Apalutamide for personalized advice.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Apalutamide?
Yes, you can exercise while taking Apalutamide, but be cautious. This medication can cause fatigue, which is feeling very tired, and dizziness, which is feeling lightheaded or unsteady. These side effects might limit your exercise capacity. To exercise safely, start with light activities and gradually increase intensity. Stay hydrated and watch for signs of dizziness or unusual fatigue. If you notice these symptoms, slow down or stop exercising and rest. Consult your doctor if you have concerns.
Is it safe to stop Apalutamide?
No, it's not safe to stop Apalutamide suddenly without consulting your doctor. This medication is usually used long-term for treating prostate cancer. Stopping it abruptly can worsen your condition. There are no known withdrawal symptoms, but your doctor may suggest a gradual reduction in dose or an alternative treatment to ensure your condition remains under control. Always talk with your doctor before making any changes to your medication.
What are the most common side effects of Apalutamide?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Apalutamide include fatigue, which is feeling very tired, and hypertension, which is high blood pressure. These side effects are common, affecting more than 10% of users. If you notice new symptoms after starting Apalutamide, they might be temporary or unrelated to the medication. Always talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.
Who should avoid taking Apalutamide?
Apalutamide should not be used if you are allergic to it or any of its ingredients. This is an absolute contraindication, meaning the drug must not be used due to severe risks. Relative contraindications include conditions where caution is needed, such as a history of seizures, which are sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain. In such cases, the drug may be used only if the benefits outweigh the risks. Always consult your doctor about these concerns.
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