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Enalapril

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DRUG STATUS

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Approvals

US(FDA), UK(BNF)

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Essential Medicine

YES

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Teratogenicity

Definite

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Pharmaceutical Class

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor

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Drug Ingredient

Enalapril

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Summary

  • Enalapril is used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and to protect the kidneys in patients with diabetes. It may also reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack.

  • Enalapril works by blocking a substance called angiotensin. This relaxes the blood vessels, reduces blood pressure, and decreases the workload on the heart, allowing blood to flow more easily and improving heart function.

  • Adults typically take 5-40 mg of Enalapril daily, either as a single dose or divided into two doses. For children, the dose depends on body weight and is prescribed by a doctor. Enalapril is taken orally, with or without food, at the same time each day.

  • Common side effects of Enalapril include dizziness, cough, and headache. Rarely, it may cause severe allergic reactions, swelling, kidney issues, decreased libido, or erectile issues. It may also cause nausea, stomach pain, and changes in appetite or mood.

  • Enalapril should be avoided by those who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or allergic to Enalapril. It's not suitable for those with severe kidney problems, angioedema, or high potassium levels. Also, avoid driving if you feel dizzy or lightheaded after taking Enalapril.

Indications and Purpose

What is Enalapril used for?

Enalapril treats high blood pressure, heart failure, and protects kidneys from damage in diabetic patients. It may also reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack.

How does Enalapril work?

Enalapril blocks a substance called angiotensin, relaxing blood vessels, reducing blood pressure, and decreasing the workload on the heart.

Is Enalapril effective?

Yes, enalapril is proven to effectively control blood pressure, improve heart failure symptoms, and protect kidney function in clinical studies.

How does one know if Enalapril is working?

Regular blood pressure or symptom monitoring, as well as improved overall health, show that enalapril is effective.

Directions for Use

What is the usual dose of Enalapril?

  • Adults: 5–40 mg daily, taken as a single dose or divided into two doses.
  • Children: Dose depends on body weight and is prescribed by a doctor.

How do I take Enalapril?

Take enalapril by mouth with or without food, at the same time each day. Swallow the tablet with water. Follow your doctor’s advice on salt or potassium intake.

For how long do I take Enalapril?

Enalapril is often taken long-term, as prescribed, to manage chronic conditions like high blood pressure or heart failure.

How long does it take for Enalapril to start working?

It starts lowering blood pressure within 1 hour, with full effects in about 4–6 hours. Heart failure benefits may take days or weeks to notice.

How should I store Enalapril?

Store at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Warnings and Precautions

Who should avoid taking Enalapril?

Avoid if pregnant, breastfeeding, or allergic to enalapril. It’s not suitable for those with severe kidney problems, angioedema, or high potassium levels.

Can I take Enalapril with other prescription drugs?

Inform your doctor if you take diuretics, NSAIDs, or lithium, as these may interact with enalapril. Adjustments may be needed.

Can I take Enalapril with vitamins or supplements?

Avoid potassium supplements or salt substitutes without a doctor’s approval, as enalapril increases potassium levels.

Can Enalapril be taken safely while pregnant?

Enalapril is unsafe during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, due to risks of birth defects or harm to the baby.

Can Enalapril be taken safely while breastfeeding?

Small amounts of enalapril may pass into breast milk. Consult your doctor to discuss risks and alternatives while breastfeeding.

Is Enalapril safe for the elderly?

Yes, but the elderly may require a lower dose and closer monitoring, especially for kidney function and blood pressure.

Is it safe to exercise while taking Enalapril?

Yes, but avoid strenuous activities if you feel dizzy. Stay hydrated and consult your doctor for personalized advice.

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Enalapril?

Limit alcohol, as it may increase dizziness or lower blood pressure too much when combined with enalapril.