Clobazam
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DRUG STATUS
Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
Essential Medicine
NO
Teratogenicity
Unlisted
Pharmaceutical Class
Benzodiazepine
Clobazam
Know More About This Medicine -
Click HereSummary
Clobazam is primarily used to treat seizure disorders, especially epilepsy and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in both adults and children. It can also be used for managing anxiety disorders and providing short-term relief from anxiety symptoms.
Clobazam enhances the effects of a neurotransmitter in the brain called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This helps to calm abnormal electrical activity in the brain, reducing the frequency and severity of seizures and promoting relaxation in the nervous system.
Clobazam is taken orally, with or without food. For epilepsy, it's typically started at 10-20 mg per day, with a maximum dose of 30 mg per day. For anxiety, it starts at 10 mg per day, up to 30 mg daily. Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions.
Common side effects of Clobazam include drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, and impaired coordination. More serious effects may include respiratory depression, severe allergic reactions, mood changes, and dependence or withdrawal symptoms.
Clobazam can cause sedation, respiratory depression, and dependence with long-term use. It's not recommended for those with severe liver impairment, hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines, or a history of substance abuse. Pregnant or breastfeeding women and those operating heavy machinery should use it with caution.
Indications and Purpose
What is Clobazam used for?
Clobazam is commonly used to treat seizure disorders, particularly Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in children and adults. It is also prescribed for anxiety disorders or short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety in some cases. Additionally, it can be used as part of the treatment for epilepsy to help control certain types of seizures.
How does Clobazam work?
Clobazam works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain that inhibits nerve activity. This action helps to calm overactive neurons, reducing the likelihood of seizures. Clobazam binds to GABA-A receptors and increases the receptor's sensitivity to GABA, which in turn relaxes the brain's nervous system and provides anti-anxiety and anticonvulsant effects.
Is Clobazam effective?
Clobazam has been shown to be effective in treating seizures in various clinical trials, particularly in patients with epilepsy. Studies demonstrate that it significantly reduces the frequency of seizures and improves overall quality of life in individuals with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and other seizure disorders. Clinical evidence supports its use as an add-on therapy for drug-resistant seizures, showing its ability to lower seizure rates compared to placebo.
How does one know if Clobazam is working?
The benefit of Clobazam is typically evaluated through clinical assessments of seizure frequency, intensity, and duration in patients with epilepsy or seizure disorders. Regular monitoring includes keeping track of seizure diaries, patient-reported outcomes, and possibly EEG tests to assess brain activity. Additionally, improvements in overall quality of life and cognitive function are considered to evaluate its therapeutic effectiveness.
Directions for Use
What is the usual dose of Clobazam?
The usual daily dose of clobazam for adults is 10 mg initially, increasing to a maximum of 40 mg per day. For children aged 2 years and older, those over 30 kg may start at 10 mg (max 40 mg), while those 30 kg or less may start at 5 mg (max 20 mg).
How do I take Clobazam?
Clobazam can be taken with or without food, depending on personal preference. There are no specific food restrictions associated with this medicine. However, it is important to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the dosage and timing. If you experience any stomach discomfort, taking it with food may help reduce irritation. Always take Clobazam as prescribed.
For how long do I take Clobazam?
Clobazam is a medicine that can be addictive if used for a long time or at high doses. To avoid addiction and unpleasant withdrawal symptoms, it's important to gradually reduce the dosage when stopping the medication.
How long does it take for Clobazam to start working?
Clobazam typically starts to work within 1 to 2 hours after taking it. However, it may take a few days to weeks for its full effects to be felt, especially for conditions like epilepsy or anxiety. It is important to continue taking the medication as prescribed, even if you don't notice immediate effects.
How should I store Clobazam?
Keep clobazam at regular room temperature, between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C), in a dry place. Make sure to store clobazam and all other medications out of reach of children.
Warnings and Precautions
Who should avoid taking Clobazam?
Clobazam has warnings for causing sedation, respiratory depression, and dependence with long-term use. It is contraindicated in individuals with severe liver impairment, hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines, or a history of substance abuse. Caution is advised for pregnant or breastfeeding women and those operating heavy machinery due to its sedative effects. Always use under medical supervision.
Can I take Clobazam with other prescription drugs?
Mixing clobazam with opioids, alcohol, or sedatives (like sleeping pills or anti-anxiety meds) is dangerous. It can make you extremely sleepy, slow your breathing, and even cause you to pass out or die. It's important to avoid these combinations and to always follow your doctor's instructions carefully when taking clobazam.
Can I take Clobazam with vitamins or supplements?
Clobazam may interact with supplements that cause sedation, such as valerian root, melatonin, or St. John’s wort, increasing drowsiness. Magnesium and calcium supplements can affect its absorption if taken simultaneously. Always inform your doctor about any vitamins or supplements you are using to avoid unwanted interactions and ensure safe use of Clobazam.
Can Clobazam be taken safely while pregnant?
Clobazam use during pregnancy is generally not recommended due to potential risks to the fetus, including withdrawal symptoms, sedation, or breathing issues after birth. It may also increase the risk of congenital malformations, especially if used in the first trimester. Pregnant individuals should consult their doctor to weigh the benefits and risks of using Clobazam.
Can Clobazam be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Clobazam is excreted into breast milk, and its use during breastfeeding is not generally recommended. It may cause sedation, poor feeding, or difficulty breathing in the nursing infant. If Clobazam must be used, close monitoring of the baby for side effects is essential. Consult a healthcare provider before using this medication while breastfeeding.
Is Clobazam safe for the elderly?
For older adults, start with a low dose of 5 mg each day. Gradually increase the dose to 10-20 mg per day, as tolerated. The highest dose that should be taken is 40 mg daily. Older adults may need a lower dose because their bodies take longer to remove the medication.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Clobazam?
Exercise is safe while taking Clobazam, but avoid strenuous activities if you experience drowsiness, dizziness, or lack of coordination. Start with light exercises and increase intensity gradually as tolerated. Stay hydrated and stop if you feel unwell.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Clobazam?
It is unsafe to drink alcohol while taking Clobazam. Alcohol can increase side effects like drowsiness, dizziness, and the risk of breathing problems. Avoid drinking entirely during treatment for your safety.