Temozolomide
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Drug Status
Government Approvals
US(FDA), UK(BNF)
WHO Essential Medicine
NO
Known Teratogen
Definite
Pharmaceutical Class
Alkylating Drug
Controlled Drug Substance
No
temozolomide
Summary
Temozolomide is used to treat certain brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma, which are aggressive types of cancer that affect the brain.
Temozolomide works by interfering with the DNA of cancer cells, which prevents them from growing and dividing. It belongs to a class of drugs called alkylating agents, which add an alkyl group to the DNA, causing damage and stopping cancer cell multiplication.
The usual starting dose of Temozolomide for adults is 150 mg/m² once daily for five days in a 28-day cycle. It is taken orally, which means by mouth, on an empty stomach, either one hour before or two hours after a meal.
Common side effects of Temozolomide include nausea, vomiting, and fatigue, which means feeling very tired. These effects occur in more than 10% of patients and are usually mild to moderate.
Temozolomide can lower blood cell counts, increasing infection risk. It is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential harm to the unborn baby. Patients with severe bone marrow suppression, which means low blood cell production, should not use it.
Indications and Purpose
How does Temozolomide work?
Temozolomide works by interfering with the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from growing and dividing. It belongs to a class of drugs called alkylating agents, which add an alkyl group to the DNA, causing damage. This damage stops the cancer cells from multiplying, leading to their death. Temozolomide is effective in treating certain brain tumors by targeting rapidly dividing cancer cells.
Is Temozolomide effective?
Temozolomide is effective in treating certain types of brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. It works by interfering with the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from growing and dividing. Clinical studies have shown that Temozolomide can improve survival rates and delay tumor progression in patients with these conditions. Your doctor will monitor your response to the medication through regular check-ups and tests.
What is Temozolomide?
Temozolomide is a chemotherapy medication used to treat certain brain tumors, such as glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. It belongs to a class of drugs called alkylating agents, which work by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from growing and dividing. Temozolomide is often used in combination with other treatments, such as radiation therapy, to improve its effectiveness.
Directions for Use
For how long do I take Temozolomide?
Temozolomide is usually taken for a specific duration as part of a cancer treatment plan. The length of treatment depends on your condition and response to the medication. Your doctor will determine the appropriate duration for your treatment. Always follow your doctor's instructions and discuss any concerns about the length of your treatment with them.
How do I dispose of Temozolomide?
Dispose of Temozolomide by taking it to a drug take-back program or collection site at a pharmacy or hospital. If these options are unavailable, mix the medication with an undesirable substance like used coffee grounds, seal it in a plastic bag, and throw it away in the trash. This helps prevent harm to people and the environment. Always keep medications out of reach of children and pets.
How do I take Temozolomide?
Take Temozolomide as prescribed by your doctor, usually once daily. It should be taken on an empty stomach, either one hour before or two hours after a meal. Swallow the capsules whole with a glass of water; do not crush or chew them. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it's close to your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose. Do not double up on doses. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully.
How long does it take for Temozolomide to start working?
Temozolomide starts working shortly after you take it, but the full therapeutic effects may take several weeks to become apparent. The time it takes to see results can vary based on individual factors like your overall health and the specific condition being treated. Regular check-ups and tests with your doctor will help monitor the medication's effectiveness and adjust treatment as needed.
How should I store Temozolomide?
Store Temozolomide at room temperature, away from moisture and light. Keep it in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children and pets. Do not store it in the bathroom, where humidity can affect the medication. Check the expiration date regularly and properly dispose of any unused or expired medication according to local guidelines.
What is the usual dose of Temozolomide?
The usual starting dose of Temozolomide for adults is based on body surface area, typically 150 mg/m² once daily for five days in a 28-day cycle. Your doctor may adjust the dose based on your response and side effects. The maximum dose is usually 200 mg/m². Dose adjustments may be needed for children, the elderly, or those with specific health conditions. Always follow your doctor's dosing instructions for your health needs.
Warnings and Precautions
Can I take Temozolomide with other prescription drugs?
Temozolomide can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of side effects or reducing effectiveness. Concerning interactions include those with drugs that suppress bone marrow, increasing infection risk. Always inform your doctor about all medications you take, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. They can help manage potential interactions and adjust your treatment plan as needed.
Can Temozolomide be taken safely while breastfeeding?
Temozolomide is not recommended while breastfeeding. It is unknown if it passes into human breast milk, but it could potentially harm a nursing infant. If you are taking Temozolomide and wish to breastfeed, talk with your doctor about safer medication options. They can help you make informed decisions about your treatment and breastfeeding.
Can Temozolomide be taken safely while pregnant?
Temozolomide is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential harm to the unborn baby. It can affect fetal development, leading to birth defects. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss alternative treatments with your doctor. They can help create a safe treatment plan that protects both you and your baby during this important time.
Does Temozolomide have adverse effects?
Adverse effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common adverse effects of Temozolomide include nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. These occur in more than 10% of patients. Serious effects include low blood cell counts, which can increase infection risk. If you notice unusual symptoms, contact your doctor. They can help manage side effects and adjust your treatment if necessary. Always report new or worsening symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Does Temozolomide have any safety warnings?
Yes, Temozolomide has important safety warnings. It can lower blood cell counts, increasing infection risk and bleeding. Regular blood tests are needed to monitor this. Temozolomide can also cause nausea and vomiting, so anti-nausea medication may be prescribed. Avoid pregnancy while on this medication, as it can harm the unborn baby. If you experience unusual bruising, bleeding, or signs of infection, contact your doctor immediately.
Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Temozolomide?
It's best to avoid alcohol while taking Temozolomide. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects like nausea and liver damage. It may also interfere with the effectiveness of the medication. If you choose to drink occasionally, limit your alcohol intake and discuss it with your doctor. They can provide personalized advice based on your health situation.
Is it safe to exercise while taking Temozolomide?
You can exercise while taking Temozolomide, but be mindful of your body's response. This medication can cause fatigue, so listen to your body and avoid overexertion. Stay hydrated and rest if you feel dizzy or unusually tired. Most people can maintain their regular exercise routine, but consult your doctor if you have concerns about your specific situation.
Is it safe to stop Temozolomide?
Stopping Temozolomide without medical advice is not recommended. It is usually used for a specific treatment duration for cancer. Stopping early may affect treatment effectiveness. Always consult your doctor before making changes to your medication regimen. They can guide you on safely discontinuing or adjusting your treatment to protect your health.
Is Temozolomide addictive?
Temozolomide is not addictive or habit-forming. It does not cause dependency or withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking it. This medication works by interfering with cancer cell growth and does not affect brain chemistry in ways that could lead to addiction. If you have concerns about medication dependence, you can feel confident that Temozolomide doesn't carry this risk while managing your health condition.
Is Temozolomide safe for the elderly?
Elderly patients may be more vulnerable to the side effects of Temozolomide, such as low blood cell counts and fatigue. Careful monitoring by a healthcare provider is important to manage these risks. Dose adjustments may be necessary based on the individual's health status. Always discuss any concerns with your doctor to ensure safe and effective treatment.
What are the most common side effects of Temozolomide?
Side effects are unwanted reactions to a medication. Common side effects of Temozolomide include nausea, vomiting, and fatigue, affecting more than 10% of patients. These symptoms may be temporary or unrelated to the medication. If you experience new symptoms, talk with your doctor before stopping the medication. They can help determine if the symptoms are related to Temozolomide and suggest ways to manage them.
Who should avoid taking Temozolomide?
Temozolomide should not be used if you are allergic to it or any of its ingredients. It is contraindicated in patients with severe bone marrow suppression, which is a condition where the bone marrow doesn't produce enough blood cells. Caution is needed in patients with liver or kidney problems. Always inform your doctor of your medical history to ensure Temozolomide is safe for you.
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